known in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. They have been widely used in many recipes. Modern pharmacological study has showed that they possess diversified effects, such as inhibition of NO and PGE2 synthesis, immuno-modulation, hepatoprotective, anti-hepatitis, and anti-HSV-II. It had been reported that the alcohol extract of the root of Inula racemosa lowered blood glucose and enhanced li...

Ayurved Siriraj HaRak (AVS022) formula has been used for topical remedy of dermatologic disorders. Oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet (UV) A irradiation could be implicated in photoaged skin through triggering matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). We, therefore, explored the antioxidant mechanisms by which AVS022 formulation and its individual components protected against UVA-dependent MMP-1...

Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa L. syn. Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt.), a North American perennial plant, is a promising natural alternative to hormone replacement therapy for treating menopausal symptoms, but the mechanism of action is not understood. The clinical actions of this plant have been attributed to the isoflavonone formononetin since 1985, when its presence was reported in a black co...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays a key role as a negative regulator in insulin signal transduction by deactivating the insulin receptor. Thus, PTP1B inhibition has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for curing insulin resistance. In this study, 40 extracts from 18 different plant species were investigated for PTP1B inhibitory activity in vitro. The most promising one, the ...

OF THE THESIS Alternative disjunctions in Egyptian Arabic by Lauren Danae Winans Master of Arts in Linguistics University of California, Los Angeles, 2011 Professor Jessica Rett, Chair Languages such as Chinese (Li and Thomson (1981)), Finnish (Haspelmath (2007)), Basque (Saltarelli (1988)), and Malagasy (Keenan, p.c.), among others, have been described as having two disjunctive lexical items w...

Forests growing on former agricultural land often have reduced frequencies of many native forest herbs compared with forests that were never cleared for agriculture. A leading explanation for this pattern is thatmany forest herbs are dispersal limited, but environmental conditionsmay also hinder colonization. We examined the response of six forest herb taxa (Arisaema triphyllum, Cimicifuga race...