In this study, cationic cellulose (CC) was prepared by etherifying commercial with (3-chloro-2 hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) in an alkaline medium. The CC characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). characterization results affirmed the successfu...

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate efficiency Lemna minor purify synthetic dairy wastewater (SDW) and real (RDW), both diluted undiluted. Results showed that significantly reduced electrical conductivity (EC); removal for EC 19.4% in RDW 9.8% SDW. Higher values were recorded (DRDW) (41%) (DSDW) (35.8%). Total suspended solids slightly (14%) SDW (13.5%), compared DSDW (25%) DRDW (29%)...

Background and Aims: In the current study, two bacteriophages were isolated from the wastewater sources and characterized by lytic activity against the Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) bacterium. Materials and Methods:  50 wastewater samples were collected from the disposal sites. The phages were isolated from the treated samples using the double agar overlay method with L. monocytoge...

This paper reported the pollutant removal performances of a hybrid wetland system for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater. The system consisted of two treatment stages: a subsurface vertical flow (VF) wetland, followed by a horizontal flow (HF). The aquaculture wastewater with the different concentrations such as eutrophy and mesotrophy was treated using hybrid constructed wetland. The expe...

In many regions of the world, urban water systems will need to transition into fundamentally different forms to address current stressors and meet impending challenges-faster innovation will need to be part of these transitions. To assess the innovation deficit in urban water organizations and to identify means for supporting innovation, we surveyed wastewater utility managers in California. Ou...

Methanogenic community structure and dynamics were investigated in two different, replicated anaerobic wastewater treatment reactor configurations [inverted fluidized bed (IFB) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB)] treating synthetic dairy wastewater, during operating temperature transitions from 37°C to 25°C, and from 25°C to 15°C, over a 430-day trial. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (...

When handled separately from manures, dairy farm effluents (DE) are costly to manage because of their low nutrient content and large volume. In anticipation of using surface irrigation to lower the land application cost of DE, this projects investigated the impact, on DE characteristics, of different sources and storage systems. Milk house wastewaters were monitored on two farms using a 500 l m...