Using near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, we discuss the discovery of six emission-line sources within D20 pc of Sgr A West but outside of the central parsec. The objects are coincident with stars seen in the J, H, and K@ images ; all have Brc (2.166 km) in emission, several also have He I (2.058 and 2.112/3 km), and some have He II (2.189 km) emission lines. Comparison of the Hand K-band s...

Recent investigations give an optimistic view that infrared absorption spectra can be very useful in the rapid identification and differentiation of microorganisms. However, it is admitted that such identifications will have to be based on very small differences, often not much above the reproducibility with which the spectra can be measured. Blout and Lenormant (1953) compared the spectra of L...

The importance of the investigation of nonlinear dynamical properties (NDPs) of the atmospheric photochemical systems (PCSs) was demonstrated in ref. 1 and 2 (A. M. Feigin and I. B. Konovalov, J. Geophys. Res., 1996, 101 (D20), 26038; 1. B. Konovalov, A. M. Feigin and A. Y. Mukhina, J. Geophys. Res., 1999, 104 (D3), 3669). The only known way to study NDPs of any natural dynamical system (includ...

We examine networks connecting individuals, where the payoff to an individual from an economic or social activity depends on the full network of connections among individuals. Individuals can form and sever links connecting themselves to other individuals based on the improvement that the resulting network offers them relative to the current network. As individuals do this, we obtain sequences ...

Benkler (‘Sharing Nicely’, Yale Law Journal, 2004, Vol. 114, pp. 273-358) has argued that ‘social sharing’ via Internet-based distributed computing is a new, so far under-appreciated modality of economic production. This paper presents results from an empirical study of SETI@home (the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence), which is the classic example of such a computing project. The aim is...

There are many situations where two interacting individuals can benefit from coordinating their actions. We examine the endogenous choice of partners in such social coordination games and the implications for resulting play. We model the interaction pattern as a network where individuals periodically have the discretion to add or sever links to other players. With such endogenous interaction pa...

Using the Electron Beam Ion Trap facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we have measured relative cross sections for Fe XXIV line emission at electron energies between 0.7 and 3.0 keV. The measurements include line formation by direct electron impact excitation (DE), radiative cascades, resonant excitation (RE), and dielectronic recombination (DR) satellites with captured electrons...

The hold-up problem has played a central role in the study of firm boundaries that originated with the pathbreaking essay by Coase (1937). This paper studies a previously unexplored mechanism through which integration could resolve the hold-up problem. Based on Tajfel and Turner’s (1979) social identification theory, we conjecture that team membership increases the degree of altruism towards an...

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the nature of the American system of manufactures in a descriptive and critical manner, to analyze its entrenched paradigm, and then to uncover its rational inadequacy. In particular, the paper first describes the dominant model embodied in the American system in terms of job design, organizational structure, and organizational technology, and reveals its...

Cobb Douglas production function parameters are not identi…ed from crosssection variation when inputs are perfectly ‡exible and chosen optimally, and input prices are common to all …rms. We consider the role of adjustment costs for inputs in identifying these parameters in this context. The presence of adjustment costs for all inputs allows production function parameters to be identi…ed, even i...