Aberrant dopaminergic signaling is a critical determinant in multiple psychiatric disorders, and in many disease states, dopamine receptor number is altered. Here we identify a molecular mechanism that selectively targets D2 receptors for degradation after their activation by dopamine. The degradative fate of D2 receptors is determined by an interaction with G protein coupled receptor-associate...

In recent years, the distribution of dopamine receptor subtypes among the principal neurons of the neostriatum has been the subject of debate. Conventional anatomical and physiological approaches have yielded starkly different estimates of the extent to which D1 and D2 class dopamine receptors are colocalized. One plausible explanation for the discrepancy is that some dopamine receptors are pre...

While training a machine learning model using multiple workers, each of which collects data from their own data sources, it would be most useful when the data collected from different workers can be unique and different. Ironically, recent analysis of decentralized parallel stochastic gradient descent (D-PSGD) relies on the assumption that the data hosted on different workers are not too differ...

The IL-2R promotes rapid expansion of activated T cells through signals mediated by the adaptor protein Shc and the transcription factor Stat5. The mechanisms that engage the cell cycle are not well defined. We report on the transcriptional regulation of the cell cycle gene cyclin D2 by the IL-2R. IL-2-responsive induction of a luciferase reporter gene containing 1624 bp of the cyclin D2 promot...

OBJECTIVE Curative gastric cancer surgery entails removal of the primary tumor with adequate margins including regional lymph nodes. European randomized controlled trials with recruitment in the 1990's reported increased morbidity and mortality for D2 compared to D1. Here, we examined the extent of lymphadenectomy during gastric cancer surgery and the associated risk for postoperative complicat...

BACKGROUND The relationship between the striatal dopaminergic system and cardiovascular activity is not well known. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between striatal D2/D3 receptor binding and cardiovascular activity. METHODS The striatal D2/D3 receptor binding of 34 healthy volunteers was assessed by the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging metho...

Motivation: Proteins are known to undergo conformational changes in the course of their functions. The changes in conformation are often attributable to a small fraction of residues within the protein. Therefore identification of these variable regions is important for an understanding of protein function. Results: We propose a novel method for identification of local conformational changes in ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) variant genotypes were associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk, and to determine if this association was modified by lactose intake. DESIGN Two prospective cohort studies and a case-control study. SETTING Academic institution. PATIENT(S) A total of 992 cases and 1,050 population-based control samples f...

Type II 5' deiodinase (D2) activity produces triiodothyronine (T3) from thyroxine (T4) and is induced by cold and norepinephrine (NE) in brown adipose tissue. T3 is required for and amplifies the adrenergic stimulation of D2 activity and mRNA in cultured brown adipocytes. D2 is upregulated by insulin and decrease in fasting. We now study the regulation by insulin of the adrenergically induced D...