Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the early life period especially in developing countries. Micronutrients deficiencies have been proposed either as a risk factor or a consequence of diarrhea. Association studies highlight the relation of vitamins and minerals’ deficiencies with acute diarrhea. In this regard we aimed to evaluate the status of vitamins ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disorder caused by the effects of several genes in combination with environmental factors. This disease is characterized by myelin loss, varying degrees of axonal pathology and inflammatory lesions. It is an important cause of disability in young adults, seen to be more prevalent in the woman, and affects 2.5 million people worldwide. Great efforts ar...

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is a common worldwide problem. Some previous studies have shown that both Zinc (Zn) and VitD deficiency are prevalent in Iran. This study aimed to assess the relationship of serum Zn and vitamin D levels in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.   Methods: This case-control study was conducted as a sub-study of a s...

This paper presents a combination of verification and conformance testing techniques to support the formal validation of reactive systems. The idea is to use symbolic test selection techniques to extract subgraphs (components) from a specification, and to perform the verification on the components rather than on the whole specification. Under reasonable sufficient conditions, this constitutes a...

An important means to guarantee an acceptable quality of service in networks with real-time communication requirements is the reservation of resources at connection setup time. However, such reserved resources, e.g. transmission bandwidth, may be unused as a consequence of the variations in the actual resource demands. Therefore, a more efficient resource utilization is possible if communicatin...

We propose a nine-node ow-condition-based interpolation (FCBI) nite element for the analysis of 2D incompressible ows. Emphasis in the FCBI approach is on obtaining an element that is stable and can be used in rather coarse meshes even when considering high Reynolds number ows. The formulation of the element is presented and the results obtained in the solution of some test cases are given. Cop...

Translation of Annotated COde (TACO) is a SAT-based tool for bounded verification of Java programs. One challenge many formal tools share is to provide a practical interface for a non-proficient user. In this article, we present an Eclipse plug-in for the static verifier TACO. This plug-in allows a user to walk a counterexample trace mimicking a debugging session. TacoPlug (our plug-in) uses an...

One of the general location-based services (LBSs) is the monitoring of real-time locations of moving objects. When the number of moving objects is large and the task of monitoring is carried out on mobile devices, the monitoring service suffers from constraints of screen size, computing speed, and network bandwidth. In the present paper, a two-phase scale-based reduction method (SRM) consisting...