The cytotoxic tissue reactions of alloying elements (Al, V) Ti-6Al-4V have been reported, whereas the Ti-39Nb-6Zr (TNZ40) alloy developed by adding ?-phase stabilizing is known to no cytotoxicity and exhibits excellent biocompatibility. In addition, there a slight modulus difference between TNZ40 human bones as elastic very low. This can inhibit detrimental effects such osteoblast loss due stre...

The skin accommodates multiple dendritic cell (DC) subsets with remarkable functional diversity. Immune reactions are initiated and modulated by the triggering of DC by pathogen-associated or endogenous danger signals. In contrast to these processes, the influence of intrinsic features of protein antigens on the strength and type of immune responses is much less understood. Therefore, we invest...

OBJECTIVE To study injection site reactions (ISRs) associated with etanercept therapy. DESIGN Retrospective chart review, along with prospective analysis of selected patients experiencing ISRs associated with etanercept therapy. SETTING Academic rheumatology/immunology unit and dermatology clinic. SUBJECTS Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory ser...

Adverse reactions to capecitabine-based chemotherapy limit full administration of cytotoxic agents. Likewise, genetic variations associated with capecitabine-related adverse reactions are associated with controversial results and a low predictive value. Thus, more evidence on the role of these variations is needed. We evaluated the association between nine polymorphisms in MTHFR, CDA, TYMS, ABC...

The activation of NKG2D on innate and adaptive cytotoxic lymphocytes contributes to immune-mediated tumor destruction. Nonetheless, tumor cell shedding of NKG2D ligands, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), results in immune suppression through down-regulation of NKG2D surface expression. Here we show that some patients who respond to antibody-blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-a...

In Vitro Studies on the Depigmenting Activity of 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Butanone: Yoshiharu FUKUDA, et al. Department of Public Health, Kumamoto University School of Medicine—The aim of this study is to investigate the enzymatic properties and the depigmenting activity of 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)2-butanone (HPB) in vitro. The activity of HPB as a substrate of tyrosinase, its effect on tyrosinase enzy...

Nitric oxide (.NO), a free radical species produced by several mammalian cell types, plays a role in regulation of vascular, neurological and immunological signal transduction and function. The role of .NO in cytotoxic events is acquiring increased significance. The high rate of production and broad distribution of sites of production of .NO, combined with its facile direct and indirect reactio...

The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased tremendously over the last decades. Clinically they comprise a spectrum of many different conditions caused by specific immunological hypersensitivity in response to a mostly apathogenic substance. Environmental factors such as lack of immune-stimulating contacts (infection, vaccination) and exposure to allergy-enhancing anthropogenic pollutants...

The human serine proteases granzymes A and B are expressed in cytoplasmic granules of activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Recombinant granzyme A and granzyme B proteins were produced in bacteria, purified and then used to raise specific mouse monoclonal antibodies. Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were raised against granzyme A, which all recognized the same or overlapp...