BACKGROUND S-phase kinase protein 2 (Skp2), an oncogenic protein, is a key regulator in different cellular and molecular processes, through ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway. Increased levels of Skp2 are observed in various types of cancer and associated with poor prognosis. However, in human breast carcinomas, the underlying mechanism and prognostic significance of cytoplasmic Skp2 is s...

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are a group of autoantibodies, predominantly IgG, involved in the pathogenesis several autoimmune disorders, detected either through indirect immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. By means immunofluorescence, main patterns C-ANCA (cytoplasmic) and P-ANCA (perinuclear), while proteinase 3 (PR3) myeloperoxidase (MPO) represent autoa...

Cell-selective regulation of protein translocation is achieved through the rational design an endogenous enzyme-operated spherical nucleic acids platform. The system enables enzyme-activated capture proteins interest and thus their cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling with tumor-cell specificity, as reported by Mengyuan Li co-workers in Research Article (e202214958).

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the respective prognostic values cytoplasmic and nuclear TRα, TRα1, TRα2 expression in breast cancer (BC) tissue samples correlate results with clinico-pathological parameters. In 249 BC patients, patterns general TRα α1 α2 isoforms were evaluated via immuno-histochemistry. Prognosis-determining aspects calculated univariate, as well multivariat...

Crude cytoplasmic extracts from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-infected HeLa cells incorporate radioactive amino acids into hot trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material linearly for 10 to 20 min. The material synthesized in vitro corresponds in molecular weight to four of the five VSV structural proteins. However, synthesis of the viral glycoprotein (G) is significantly reduced, whereas the...

Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV), a γ2-herpesvirus and class 1 carcinogen, is responsible for at least three human malignancies: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS), Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) and Multicentric Castleman's Disease (MCD). Its major nuclear latency protein, LANA, is indispensable for the maintenance and replication of latent viral DNA in infected cells. Although LANA is mainly a nuclear pro...

LIS1 was first identified as a gene mutated in human classical lissencephaly sequence. LIS1 is required for dynein activity, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that LIS1 suppresses the motility of cytoplasmic dynein on microtubules (MTs), whereas NDEL1 releases the blocking effect of LIS1 on cytoplasmic dynein. We demonstrate that LIS1, cytoplasmic dynein an...

introduction: her2/neu, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, has been shown to be over-expressed in some tumors. the purpose of this study was to determine the salivary levels and tissue expression of her2/neu in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnscc) and their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters.   materials and methods: enzyme-linked immunoso...

Dynamic responses of cardiac sodium-calcium exchange current to changes of cytoplasmic calcium and MgATP were monitored and analyzed in giant membrane patches excised from guinea pig myocytes. Secondary dependencies of exchange current on cytoplasmic calcium are accounted for in terms of two mechanisms: (a) The sodium-dependent inactivation process, termed I1 modulation, is itself strongly modu...

Background: Following the expansion of human infertility, different procedures have been utilized for separation of normal sperm during ICSI (Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection). Hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) is one of the tests which have been introduced for assessment of integrity of sperm membrane when confronted with hypo osmotic condition. This test may also reflect intracellular organe...