Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis. Uncontrolled inflammation driven by the immune system in response to accumulation of oral biofilm that leads alveolar bone loss, bleeding, increased periodontal probing depth loss attachment connective tissues tooth, and ultimately, tooth loss. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) an enzyme converts epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) ...

The hemoprotein cytochrome b(5) (cyt b5) has been demonstrated to affect the kinetics of drug oxidation by the microsomal cytochromes P450 (P450s). However, the mechanisms through which cyt b5 exerts these effects are variable and P450 isoform-dependent. Whereas the effects of cyt b5 on the major drug-metabolizing enzymes CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4 are well studied, fewer studies conducted over...

Cytochrome P450c17 (P450 17A1, CYP17A1) is a critical enzyme in the synthesis of androgens and is now a target enzyme for the treatment of prostate cancer. Cytochrome P450c17 can exhibit either one or two physiological enzymatic activities differentially regulated by cytochrome b5. How this is achieved remains unknown. Here, comprehensive in silico, in vivo and in vitro analyses were undertaken...

Papaver rhoeas biotypes displaying multiple herbicide resistance to ALS inhibitors and synthetic auxin herbicides (SAH) are spreading across Europe. In Spain, enhanced metabolism imazamox was confirmed in one population, while cytochrome-P450 (P450) based 2,4-D another two. The objectives of this research were further confirm the presence P450 mediated and, if so, whether a putative common is r...

Two types of prodrugs, benzyl analogues of isophosphoramide mustard (iPAM), activated by cytochrome P450, and acylthioethyl analogues, activated by esterases, were designed. In contrast to iPAM that hydrolyse rapidly, the examined compounds are stable in phosphate-buffered saline and Tris buffer. Benzyl analogues of iPAM are poor substrates for cytochrome P450, are not cytotoxic and posses no a...

Allene oxide synthases convert lipoxygenase-derived fatty acid hydroperoxides to unstable allene epoxides. In plants, an allene oxide is a precursor of the growth regulator jasmonic acid. Previously, we showed that an allene oxide synthase from flaxseed has the spectral properties of a cytochrome P450. The relationship to the P450 gene family is now established from the primary structure deduce...

abstract background: it is well recognized that different patients respond in different ways to medications. the inter-individual variations are greater than the intera- individual variations, a finding consistent with the notion that inheritance is a determinant of drug responses. the recent identification of genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters led to the h...

The sensitivity of pig cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17), an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound enzyme, towards heat denaturation (48 degrees C) was measured by the P450-to-P420 spectral transition indicating conformational labilization of the protein. Both sucrose and glucose have comparable and increasingly protective effects at concentrations ranging from 100 to 800 mM, while ectoine, a novel zwi...

The principle endocannabinoids are 2-acylglycerol esters, such as 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), and N-acylethanolamines, anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA). glycerol esters ethanolamides synthesised hydrolysed by parallel, independent pathways. Mechanisms for release re-uptake of unclear, although potent selective inhibitors facilitated diffusion across cell membranes have been devel...