It has been shown that cytochrome c is released from mitochondria during apoptosis, activates pro-caspase CPP32 (caspase III), and induces DNA fragmentation in mixtures of cytosolic extracts and isolated nuclei. To establish whether cytochrome c can primarily induce apoptosis in intact cells, we used direct electroporation of cytochrome c into murine interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent cells. Electr...

An important role in ensuring the functioning of respiratory chain belongs to cytochrome part, which includes complexes III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase) and IV (cytochrome oxidase). The key components these enzymatic are heme-containing cytochromes, number depends on balance heme synthesis catabolism. δ-Aminolevulinate synthase catalyzes first step biosynthetic pathway, while oxygena...