Cytochrome P450s (CYP) and their arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites have important roles in regulating vascular tone, but their function and specific pathways involved in modulating myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury have not been clearly established. Thus, we characterized the effects of several selective CYP -hydroxylase inhibitors and a CYP -hydroxylase metabolite of AA, 20-hydroxyeicosat...

Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes can result in altered metabolic activity toward a plethora of clinically important medications. Thus, single nucleotide variants and copy number variations in CYP genes are major determinants of drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity and constitute pharmacogenetic biomarkers for drug dosing, efficacy, and safety. Strikingly, the distribution of C...

Of late, numerous prodrugs are widely used for therapy. The hemeprotein cytochrome P450 (CYP) catalyzes the activation of prodrugs to form active metabolites. Therefore, the activation of CYP function might allow the use of lower doses of prodrugs and decrease toxicity. We hypothesized that the addition of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor in the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway, enhances ...

Cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is known to exhibit hypertrichosis as a side effect. This compound prolongs human hair growth in follicle organ culture system. Thus, CsA has anagen-prolonging activity, but the mechanism of action unclear. In immunosuppression, binds cyclophilin (CyP) form complex that inhibits activity phosphatase, calcineurin (CaN), which turn nuclear translocation ...

Abstract Background The recently developed biomimetic strategy is one of the mostly effective strategies for improving theranostic efficacy diverse nanomedicines, because nanoparticles coated with cell membranes can disguise as “self”, evade surveillance immune system, and accumulate to tumor sites actively. Results Herein, we utilized mesenchymal stem memabranes (MSCs) coat polymethacrylic aci...

The cortical collecting duct (CCD), which is involved in renal potassium (K) excretion, expresses cytochrome P450 (CYP)-epoxygenase. Here, we examined the effect of high dietary K on renal expression of CYP2C23 and CYP2J2 in the rat, as well as the role of CYP-epoxygenase-dependent metabolism of arachidonic acid in the regulation of Ca(2+)-activated big-conductance K (BK) channels. By Western b...

Endothelial cells play a vital role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), cytochrome P-450 (CYP) epoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid in endothelial cells, possess potent and diverse biological effects within the vasculature. We evaluated the effects of overexpression of CYP epoxygenases on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced apop...

Cytokines are upregulated in a variety of inflammatory conditions and cytokine/receptor interactions can activate JAK-STAT signaling. Previous studies demonstrated upregulation of numerous cytokines in the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis. The role of JAK-STAT signaling in urinary bladder inflammation and referred somatic sensitivity has not been addressed. The ...

In this study, we described a high-sensitive on-line preconcentration method for cypromazine (CYP) and melamine (MEL) analysis using cation-selective exhaustive injection (CSEI) combined with sweeping-MEKC. The optimum conditions of on-line concentration and separation were discussed. The BGE contained 100 mM SDS, 50 mM phosphoric acid (pH=2.0) and 15% acetonitrile (v/v). The sample was injecte...