In rat neostriatal neurons, D1 dopamine receptors regulate the activity of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). The influence of these signaling elements on high voltage-activated (HVA) calcium currents was studied using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. The application of D1 agonists or cyclic AMP analogs reversibly reduced N- and P-type Ca2+ currents. ...

A diet high in saturated fat (HF) decreases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), to the extent that compromises neuroplasticity and cognitive function, and aggravates the outcome of brain insult. By using the antioxidant power of vitamin E, we performed studies to determine the role of oxidative stress as a mediator for the effects of BDNF on synaptic plasticity and cognition cau...

Abstract A subloading-friction model is formulated to describe the smooth transient variation from static friction kinetic friction, recovery after sliding velocity decreases, and accumulation of displacement under cyclic loading contact stress. In past relevant studies, however, formulation used for simulations limited hypoelastic-based plasticity framework, validation test data metal-to-metal...

The mechanical behavior of saturated soil is mainly governed by the interaction between the soil skeleton and the pore fluid, and this interaction may lead to significant loss of strength known as liquefaction under seismic loading conditions. The main objective of this paper is to implement a cyclic constitutive model based on fuzzy set plasticity theory, which is capable of modeling soil dila...

The cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP are common signaling molecules synthesized in neurons following the activation of adenylyl or guanylyl cyclase. In the striatum, the synthesis and degradation of cAMP and cGMP is highly regulated as these second messengers have potent effects on the activity of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. This review will summarize the literature on cyclic nuc...

A three-dimensional framework for low-cycle fatigue analysis of polycrystalline aggregates is proposed in this work. First, a cohesive law coupling plasticity and damage developed modelling cycle-by-cycle degradation material interfaces up to complete de-cohesion failure. The may model both quasi-static under increasing monotonic load cyclic loading, through coupled plasticity-damage whose acti...

Genomic plasticity mediated by transposable elements can have a dramatic impact on genome integrity. To minimize its genotoxic effects, it is tightly regulated either by intrinsic mechanisms (linked to the element itself) or by host-mediated mechanisms. Using mass spectrometry, we show here for the first time that MOS1, the transposase driving the mobility of the mariner Mos1 element, is phosph...

Abstract This paper presents a unified modelling effort to describe partial phase transformation during cyclic thermo-mechanical loading in Shape Memory Alloys (SMA). To this purpose, three-dimensional (3D) finite strain constitutive model considering TRansformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) is combined with modified hardening function enable the accurate and efficient prediction of transformat...

Long-term cyclic treatment with 17beta-estradiol reverses age-related impairment in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys on a test of cognitive function mediated by the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Here, we examined potential neurobiological substrates of this effect using intracellular loading and morphometric analyses to test the possibility that the cognitive benefits of hormone treatment are associate...

Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) was discovered in 1970 in lobster muscle (Kuo & Greengard, 1970). It is a serine/threonine protein kinase specifically activated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). PKG is a ubiquitous intracellular second messenger mediating the biological effects of cGMP elevating agents including nitric oxide (NO), natriuretic peptides, and guanylin (an intesti...