OBJECTIVE To test whether the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system reduces adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and delinquent behavior communitywide. DESIGN The Community Youth Development Study is the first randomized trial of CTC. SETTING In 2003, 24 small towns in 7 states, matched within state, were randomly assigned to control or CTC conditions. PARTICIPANTS A pa...

Understanding the spatial organization of the chromosomes in meiotic nuclei is crucial to our knowledge of the genome's functional regulation, stability and evolution. This study examined the nuclear architecture of Mus domesticus 2n=40 pachytene spermatocytes, analyzing the associations among autosomal bivalents via their Centromere Telomere Complexes (CTC). The study developed a nuclear model...

Recent work on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) has shown that the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) loss can be used to convert acoustics to phone or character sequences. Such systems are used with a dictionary and separately-trained Language Model (LM) to produce word sequences. However, they are not truly end-to-end in the sense of mapping acoustics directly to words w...

BACKGROUND The present study investigated the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) counts in predicting the short- and long-term efficacy of chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral venous blood was extracted from 187 BC patients. CTCs were measured by flow cytometry. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlation between the efficacy of c...

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen with the ability to grow under conditions of high osmolarity. In a previous study, we reported the identification of 12 proteins showing high induction after salt stress. One of these proteins is highly similar to the general stress protein Ctc of Bacillus subtilis. In this study, induction of Ctc after salt stress was confirmed at the transcripti...

The utility of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as prognostic biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is inconclusive due to the limitations of current CTC detection methods. Using a novel high-efficiency detection method, we determined the ability of CTCs to predict survival and chemotherapeutic responses in NSCLC. In 127 patients with advanced NSCLC, CTCs were counted and analyzed at b...

Potentially precancerous polyps detected with CT colonography (CTC) need to be removed subsequently, using an optical colonoscope (OC). Due to large colonic deformations induced by the colonoscope, even very experienced colonoscopists find it difficult to pinpoint the exact location of the colonoscope tip in relation to polyps reported on CTC. This can cause unduly prolonged OC examinations tha...

To date, few reports focused primarily on detecting colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) have been published. The aim of this study was to determine the visibility of LSTs on computed tomographic colonography (CTC) compared with that on colonoscopy as a standard. We retrospectively reviewed and matched data on endoscopic and CTC reports in 157 patients (161 LSTs) who received a multidet...

The donor-acceptor ground-state charge-transfer complex (CTC) formed in solution between a conjugated polymer, poly[methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene] (MEH-PPV), and a low-molecular-weight organic acceptor, 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF), is studied by optical absorption and Raman spectroscopy. The CTC absorption as a function of TNF content shows a threshold increase that is ...

PURPOSE We sought to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CT colonography (CTC) after incomplete conventional colonoscopy (CC) for occlusive colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the tumor location. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five patients with occlusive CRC underwent subsequent CTC immediately after incomplete CC. Fifty-nine patients had distal CRC and 16 had proximal colon cancer. Experien...