In order to present the reasonable crown of hot rolling mills, the bend force and shift position should be pre-computed in a reasonable manner, while maintaining a good profile. How to search the optimal crown trajectory in ratio crown range is the key problem. Crown and flatness allocation strategy is researched based on dynamic programming method which has been improved and optimized by the a...

This study describes sexual dimorphism in dental indexes derived from the permanent dentition. Three dental indices--'crown area,' 'crown module' and 'crown index'--were calculated from the buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) measurements of 123 permanent dentitions (58 females and 65 males) belonging to young Nepalese adults (age-range 19-28 years). Sex differences in the dental indexes wer...

Crown rust, caused by the fungal pathogen, Puccinia coronata Corda var. avenae W.P. Fraser Ledingham, reduces kernel quality and grain yield in oat (Avena sativa L.). Partial resistance is considered to be a durable form of rust resistance. This study sought to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneously improving partial resistance to crown rust, grain yield, and seed weight in an oat populatio...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the mesiodistal primary tooth size diameter and posterior sagittal tooth-size ratio in an African American population and compare to existing African American and European American norms. METHODS A sample of 1,124 African American children, 564 males and 560 females, was used to record crown size diameters employing indirect (cast) and direct (int...

The morphologic relationship of the crown structures of the maxillary second deciduous molar (m2) and the first permanent molar (M1) was investigated with odontometric methods. Materials used were 124 male dental casts taken from Chinese living in Kaohsiung (Taiwan). The mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters, cusp sizes, and intercusp distances were measured. The mean crown diameters were larg...

Single crystals formed from hydrogen-bonding supramolecular cations of o-aminoanilinium (HOPD)­crown ethers, (HOPD)([12]crown-4), (HOPD)([15]crown-5), and (HOPD)([18]crown-6), and one-electron-reduced [PMo12O40] Keggin-type clusters were synthesized. The crystal structures and dielectric responses of the three new compounds (HOPD)4([12]crown-4)4[PMo12O40]¢4CH3CN (1), (HOPD)4([15]crown-5)4[PMo12...

Current understanding of aspen fire ecology in western North America includes the paradoxical characterization that aspen-dominated stands, although often regenerated following fire, are “fire-proof”. We tested this idea by predicting potential fire behavior across a gradient of aspen dominance in northern Utah using the Forest Vegetation Simulator and the Fire and Fuels Extension. The wind spe...

In this study, individual tree height (TH), crown base height (CBH), crown area (CA) and crown volume (CV), which were considered as essential parameters for individual stem volume and biomass estimation, were estimated by both an airborne laser scanner (ALS) and a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). These ALSand TLS-derived tree parameters were compared because TLS has been introduced as an instr...

Crown porosity influences radiation interception, air movement through the fruit orchard, spray penetration, and harvesting operation in fruit crops. The aim of the present study was to develop an accurate and reliable methodology based on transmitted radiation measurements to assess the porosity of traditional olive trees under different pruning treatments. Transmitted radiation was employed a...

UrbanCrowns is a software program developed by the USDA Forest Service that computes crown attributes using a side-view digital photograph and a few basic field measurements. From an operational standpoint, it is not known how well the software performs under varying photographic conditions for trees of diverse size, which could impact measurement reproducibility and therefore software utility....