In this paper, we investigate whether and how personal bankruptcy law a ects small rms' access to credit. When a rm is unincorporated, its debts are personal liabilities of the rm's owner, so that lending to the rm is equivalent to lending to its owner. If the rm fails, the owner has an incentive to le for personal bankruptcy in order to obtain discharge of the rm's debts. While bankruptcy law ...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal retailer’s replenishment decisions under two levels of trade credit policy within the economic production quantity (EPQ) framework. We assume that the supplier would offer the retailer a delay period and the retailer also adopts the trade credit policy to stimulate his/her customer demand to develop the retailer’s replenishment model ...

To date, there is no consensus about how frictions in the credit market affect the transmission of the monetary policy to the real economy. The traditional money channel states that when the Central Bank reduces its reserves, commercial banks are forced to reduce their demand for deposits. If prices are sticky, in the short-run a decrease in real monetary holdings should lead to higher real int...

BACKGROUND The demand for cosmetic surgery and services has diminished with recent fluctuations in the economy. To stay ahead, surgeons must appreciate and attend to the fiscal challenges of private practice. A key component of practice economics is knowledge of the common methods of payment. OBJECTIVE To review methods of payment in a five-surgeon group practice in central Texas, USA. METH...

This analysis examines the effectiveness of monetary policy as a contra-cyclical instrument. The survey covers three basic fields of monetary policy. The first part investigates to what extent expansion of the money supply effectively results in the alleged growth effect. The second section studies the effect of monetary expansion on money velocity. The third part investigates the outcome of in...

This paper explores the relationship between credit and index insurance market development using a theoretical model in which small farm households have the option to either (i) adopt a capital-intensive technology that is risky but high-yielding, or (ii) self-insure by adopting a traditional low-input and low-yielding technology. We show that neither market is likely to develop in isolation fr...

In this paper, we present and evaluate an algorithm to provide autonomous management in VM-based resource providers. We provide a solution to adjust the resources needed by each VM according to demand. We achieve this with a policy that meets at least the agreed application-level QoS, and a priority weight-based mechanism to spread the unused resources between the contending VMs that run over t...

In a recent paper, Soni and Shah [Soni, H., Shah, N. H., 2008. Optimal ordering policy for stock-dependent demand under progressive payment scheme. European Journal of Operational Research 184, 91-100] developed a model to find the optimal ordering policy for a retailer with stock-dependent demand and a supplier that offers a progressive payment scheme to the retailer. This note corrects some e...