The relation between social anxiety and hedonic activity remains poorly understood. From a self-regulatory perspective, we hypothesized that socially anxious individuals experience diminished positive experiences and events on days when they are unable to manage socially anxious feelings adequately. In this 21-day experience-sampling study, we constructed daily measures of social anxiety and em...

Stress-induced anhedonia is associated with depression vulnerability (Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006). We investigated stress-induced deficits in reward learning in a depression-vulnerable group with analogue generalized anxiety disorder (GAD, n = 34), and never-depressed healthy controls (n = 41). Utilizing a computerized signal detection task, reward learning was assessed under stressor and neutra...

This article presents data on the prevalence and symptomatology of panic attacks and panic disorder (PD) in a large nonclinical sample (n = 2,375) of college students. Results showed that approximately 12% of the sample had experienced at least one unexpected panic attack and that 2.36% met DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder. Although there were no sex differences in overall panic attack pre...

This retrospective study is performed on 423 cases of skull farcture who refered to "Loghman-e­Hakim" hospital during a 493 days period (October 1994-March 1995): The fracture types were linear in 85% Depressed in 7%, Basilar in 8% of cases. 71.2% of all cases were male and 28.8% were femal. 72.6% of fracture occured in pediatric age group "Less than 15 years old" and 27.4% in adult group. The ...