Synthetic arginine vasopressin (AVP) was infused into 11 hydrated normal subjects at five different infusion rates ranging from 10 to 350 microU X kg-1 X min-1. Each infusion rate was continued for 1 h, and urinary determinations were made on the 30- to 60-min specimens during which time there was no further rise in plasma AVP. Urinary AVP concentrations (microU/ml) and excretion rates (microU/...

Measurement of creatinine clearance (CCr) has long been a problem in sick patients, largely because of the need to collect a carefully timed urine specimen to determine it. However, a number of years ago, several methods were developed to estimate CCr without a urine specimen [1-4]. However, all these approaches only considered the situation where serum creatinine was stable. Because of this, a...

AIMS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of renal impairment on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of the antiepileptic felbamate. METHODS Twelve subjects with three levels of renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance > 30-80, > 10-30 or 5-10 m min(-1)) and four controls with normal renal function (creatinine clearance > 80 ml min(-1) were studied). Plasma and urine samples were...

BACKGROUND Although advancements have been made in the management of thalassemic patients, many unrecognized complications have emerged, such as renal abnormalities. AIM To measure serum levels of cystatin-C and β-2 microglobulin in children with beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) and investigate their significance as early markers of glomerular and tubular dysfunctions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The...

Although Methotrexate (MTX) is an effective drug for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the toxicity remains a significant problem. In this prospective study, fifty-four patients with ALL were enrolled. 3 g or 5 g MTX/m(2) was administered over 24 hours. Serum MTX concentrations were determined in 24, 48, and 96 hours after MTX infusion. Serum creatinine concentrations and cre...

The purpose of this study was to determine the number of prescribed antibiotics being appropriately adjusted and to assess antibiotics with the highest incorrect dosing based on the patient’s renal function according to distinguished guidelines. The study was conducted at a 446-bed university hospital. One hundred and fifty patients admitted through different wards of the hospital were included...

The purpose of this study was to determine the number of prescribed antibiotics being appropriately adjusted and to assess antibiotics with the highest incorrect dosing based on the patient’s renal function according to distinguished guidelines. The study was conducted at a 446-bed university hospital. One hundred and fifty patients admitted through different wards of the hospital were included...

Background: Resistance to antibiotics, including aminoglycosides  (AMG) is one of the problems associated with inappropriate administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical features of aminoglycosides consumption based on the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) index in open heart surgery. Methods: This study was done on 268 patients who underwent heart s...

introduction the concentration of substances, including urea, creatinine, and uric acid, can be used as an index to measure toxic uremic solutes in the blood during dialysis and interdialytic intervals. the on-line monitoring of toxin concentration allows for the clearance measurement of some low-molecular-weight solutes at any time during hemodialysis.the aim of this study was to determine the...

Carboplatin is a platinum-based anticancer drug that has been long used to treat many types of solid cancer. Because the clearance of carboplatin strongly correlates with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), its dosage is calculated with the Calvert formula on the basis of the patient's GFR to achieve the target area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) for each patient. Howeve...