abu ahmad askari - the scholar, philologist and hadith teller - was living in askar makram city that unfortunately this city and his literary works have lost. he wished to meet the scientist – saheb ibn abad. but why the works of abu ahmad and his hometown scientists were lost while they caused the progress of literature especially in elementary literary criticism and created a dam against the ...

This study compared eye movements during the reading of authentic prose and poetry with and without enjambment presented in their original layout and in a manipulated layout. We hypothesised that we would find differences in reading patterns on the basis of the layout in which the text was presented. We indeed found differences in reading pattern between prose and poetry, poetry with and withou...

The article analyses Russian émigré poetry: it describes the lyric poetry of emigrants in Far East, its connection to metropolis and western branch emigration. work is focused on one least studied issues history poetry, i. e., specific development verse. Lyric by Nikolay A. Shegolev (1910–1975), a poet so-called “Russian China”, offers extensive material this respect. His has been overlooked te...

This article deals with the collective myth of generation Russian intellectuals in 1880s. inherits from Enlightenment and Romanticism about hero Prometheus, Christian martyr created “civil poetry” journalism 1840s–1860s. The resists surrounding “darkness” social passivity a repressive regime. socially passive outsider becomes his antipode. 1880s embodies similar collision, an active heroic nucl...

maghameh is one of the literary styles that has been created in the fourth century. the present article studies various aspects of this literary style. first it defines it and then studies its formation and growth followed by its characteristics, sources and different views on it. it attempts to study malek al shoara bahar’s works and his goals in using maghameh, affects and similes in his poet...

a response to the problem of irans backwardness preoccupied the minds of intellectual and political forces. since irans failure from russia while different domestic and external factors caused to defeat, differend and even contending views concerning irans backwardness played a key role in these failures. these diverse and contending views which arised at first in compilation of laws and establ...

intertextuality of literary-historic figures is one of the artistic techniques of poetry in modern era being used a lot by contemporary arab poets. because of their proximity to arab contemporary poets, the previous classic poets have a great share of the call.among the previous poets, abul ‘ala al-ma‘arri, known as the philosopher of the poets, with his philosophical attitudes and strange life...