BACKGROUND To my knowledge, no large series of multiple cranial neuropathies is available. OBJECTIVES To examine the seats and causes of multiple cranial neuropathies in a large group of inpatients. DESIGN Personal case series. SETTING Wards of a large municipal hospital and affiliated rehabilitation hospital. PATIENTS A consecutive series of 979 unselected inpatients with simultaneous ...

Sarcoidosis is a disease process which predominantly affects the lungs but can involve virtually any organ in the human body. Neurosarcoidosis is a rare manifestation which can present in a variety of ways. There is no single diagnostic test for sarcoidosis; hence, the diagnosis is based on combined clinical, laboratorial, and radiological grounds. We describe a rare case where a patient presen...

Cranial palsies are a very rare feature of SLE. Similarly, peripheral sensory-motor axonal neuropathy is very uncommon in SLE. The combination of the two as the presenting symptoms of SLE is a diagnostic challenge particularly in an elderly male patient with a known diagnosis of sarcoidosis. This case serves to highlight the diagnostic considerations in such a patient. The lack of response to s...

A 41-year-old man experienced intense headache and neck pain, bruits, and a complete unilateral cranial nerve palsy IX-XII (Collet-Sicard syndrome) after a trivial back trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography demonstrated features of bilateral internal carotid artery dissection with aneurysm formation at the base of the skull compressing the nerves at the level of the jugular foramen...

PURPOSE To discuss the differences in angiographic findings between cases of spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula with and without the classical triad of symptoms (pulsating exophthalmos, bruit, and conjunctival chemosis). METHODS With CT, MR, and angiography, we examined 12 cases of spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula, five of whom presented only with cranial nerve palsies. RESULTS In t...

A 16 years old healthy man presented with history of increasing frequency of headache and vomiting , notes of blurred vision and binocular horizontal diplopia for 1 month. Clinical findings revealed bilateral sixth nerve palsies with bilateral optic disc swelling. With all of these findings, this seem to be a case of raised intracranial pressure. Neuroimaging demonstrated a midline posterior fo...

Idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis is a rare form of fibrosing chronic inflammatory process of unknown etiology, which causes thickening of the intracranial dura mater. We present four patients with hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis who presented with chronic headache and cranial nerve palsies. The diagnosis of idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis was based on neuroim...

We present the case of an immunocompetent man who presented with multiple and progressive cranial nerve palsies. The cause was found to be aspergillosis of the petrous bone, arising as a result of chronic fungal otitis media. Despite treatment with local excision and systemic anti-fungal therapy, he died after suffering a subarachnoid haemorrhage. Diagnosis rests upon prompt radiological imagin...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is an uncommon disease in immunocompetent people. CASE CHARACTERISTICS We report an adolescent boy with central nervous system toxoplasmosis who presented with progressive lower cranial nerve palsies and a ring-enhancing lesion on neuroimaging. INTERVENTION Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was confirmed on histopathology of the excised lesion. MESSAGE Toxoplasmosis shou...