This article analyzes the religio-ethical discussions of Muslim religious scholars, which took place in Europe specifically in the UK and the Netherlands, on organ donation. After introductory notes on fatwas (Islamic religious guidelines) relevant to biomedical ethics and the socio-political context in which discussions on organ donation took place, the article studies three specific fatwas is...

  The production and application of PET tracers has been a unique step in the progress of nuclear medicine in last two decades. The most important PET tracers include F-18, C-11 and N-13 radioisotopes and many nuclear medicine centers throughout the globe are using them. However some new tracers are under their way to the mass administration, currently being in th...

In 2010, EFOMP issued Policy Statement No. 12: "The present status of Medical Physics Education and Training in Europe. New perspectives and EFOMP recommendations" to be applied to education and training in Medical Physics within the context of the developments in the European Higher Education Area arising from the Bologna Declaration and with a view to facilitate the free movement of Medical P...

At the Lisbon European Council held on March 23 and 24, 2000, a goal was set for the European Union "to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-driven economy in the world, capable of sustainable economic growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion." The eLearning initiative proposed by the Commission of the European Communities to attain the goals set by the Lisbon E...

Against the background of the changing relationships between trade unions and political parties in Western Europe, this paper examines the nature and outcomes of union–party alliances in East Central Europe. The paper advances two interrelated arguments. First, the nature of union–party ties in postcommunism is significantly different and can be best described as an inverse dependency relations...

This paper addresses the fundamentals of our knowledge-based society, with a particular view to the emerging knowledge initiatives in the European Union. After a discussion on the current R&D investment trends in Europe, several flaws in the European knowledge system and in the European Research Area (ERA) are highlighted. The need for a drastic improvement of frontier research (i.e. excellence...

The Danzig Academic Gymnasium (1558–1817) was one of the first Protestant schools at college level in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It became most famous educational institutions Europe 16–18th centuries. For almost 260 years, it attracted best professors and students era. We concentrate on achievements science, role City Council Library academic life outside Gymnasium, highlight activities N...

the concept of shoura (council), and the relationship between shoura and democracy, has a key role in development of religious modernist debates in muslim world. the “general theory of shoura” is one of these theories on islamic democracy that provided and developed by dr. towfiq mohammad al-shavi(birth, 1918/egypt). the three aspects of his theory are: 1) the religious basis of shoura that pro...

investigates complaints incoming to the medical council of west azarbaijan province during 1385 to 1389     hemmati maslakpak m [1] , baghaie r [2] , yosefi m [3] ,ghavami h [4] *     received: 9 dec , 2012 accepted: 18 feb , 2013     abstract:   background & aims : increased complaints from the medical team and medical staff, and increased risk of therapeutic measures in recent years, was the ...