Recently Cuoco and Hannestad have presented estimates for the neutrino flux of Centaurus A under the assumption that two out of the 27 highest energy cosmic-ray events observed by the Pierre Auger collaboration can be attributed to this galaxy. In this work we elaborate on this assumption and estimate the diffuse neutrino flux assuming that all cosmic-ray sources are similar to Centaurus A. Wit...

There are two types of high-speed solar wind streams classified in two categories: coronal hole associated and flare generated streams. These two types of streams are classified in two categories base on magnetic field and solar wind plasma parameters. We studied the dependence of cosmic ray depressions due to high-speed solar wind streams during low amplitude days. Cosmic ray intensity data wa...

An overview is presented of the scientific implications of direct measurements of cosmic rays in terms of the origins and history of these particles. Within the last several years important constraints have been placed on the possible origins of cosmic rays in the GeV energy range by the analysis of isotopic composition. At higher energies new magnet experiments to measure elemental composition...

We have measured the barometer coefficient of cosmic ray neutron production at sea level and find the value —9,25% ± 0,20/cmHg. We have shown that there is no diurnal variation of neutron production of amplitude greater than about 0,4 %. The effects of the large solar flare of November 19th, 1949 on cosmic ray neutrons were much greater than on ionising cosmic rays at sea level; the maximum fac...

Data taken with ten Cosmic Ray Tracking (CRT) detectors and the HEGRA air-shower array on La Palma, Canary Islands, have been analysed to investigate changes of the cosmic-ray mass composition at the ‘knee’ of the cosmic-ray flux spectrum near 1015 eV energy. The analysis is based on the angular distributions of particles in air showers. HEGRA data provided the shower size, direction, and core ...

A new numerical model of particle propagation in the Galaxy has been developed, which allows the study of cosmic-ray and gamma-ray production and propagation in 2D or 3D, including a full reaction network. This is a further development of the code which has been used for studies of cosmic ray reacceleration, Galactic halo size, antiprotons and positrons in cosmic rays, the interpretation of dii...

A new numerical model of particle propagation in the Galaxy has been developed, which allows the study of cosmic-ray and gamma-ray production and propagation in 2D or 3D, including a full reaction network. This is a further development of the code which has been used for studies of cosmic ray reacceleration, Galactic halo size, antiprotons and positrons in cosmic rays, the interpretation of dif...

The macroscopic behaviour of cosmic rays in turbulent magnetic fields is discussed. An implementation of anisotropic diffusion of cosmic rays with respect to the magnetic field in a non-conservative, high-order, finite-difference magnetohydrodynamic code is discussed. It is shown that the standard implementation fails near singular X-points of the magnetic field, which are common if the field i...

The rare isotope Li is made only by cosmic rays, dominantly in αα → Li fusion reactions with ISM helium. Consequently, this nuclide provides a unique diagnostic of the history of cosmic rays in our Galaxy. The same hadronic cosmic-ray interactions also produce high-energy γ rays (mostly via pp → π → γγ). Thus, hadronic γ-rays and Li are intimately linked. Specifically, Li directly encodes the l...

The galactic chemical evolution of Be and B provides unique information about the origin and history of cosmic rays. The available Pop II data demonstrate that Be and B have a Galactic source, probably in one or more kinds of spallation processes. However, the data are not unequivocal about the nature of Be and B origin, as encoded in the primary or secondary (linear or quadratic) scaling with ...