Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) have a different sensitivity to cadmium (Cd) in vivo (trout < LC50 < perch). Metals and particularly Cd impair cortisol secretion by adrenocortical cells in both species. The purpose of the present study was to assess in vitro the effect of Cd on cortisol secretion by adrenocortical cells of trout and perch, to compare the ...

Studies of the reversible binding of [3H]cortisol by rat gastrocnemius muscle cytoplasm in vitro reveal specific binding in the 27,000 times g supernatant fraction at 0 degrees. The [3H]cortisol-binding molecule had an apparant Kd value of 1.7 times 10-7 M and the number of binding sites was 0.99 pmol per mg of cytosol protein. Only a single class of [3H]cortisol-binding sites could be detected...

Incubation of blood from deoxycorticosterone-treated, adrenalectomized dogs with glucose, (22)NaCl, and cortisol, added in vitro, revealed log dose-related acceleration of sodium influx, of glucose utilization, and of lactate formation by cortisol in concentrations between 150 and 1000 microg/liter. Addition of 2-deoxyglucose, or preincubation of the blood until blood glucose concentration had ...

Context Chronic psychological stress has been associated with shorter telomeres, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. One possibility is that the neuroendocrine responses to stress exposure are involved. Objective To test the hypothesis that greater cortisol responsivity to acute stressors predicts more rapid telomere attrition. Design We measured salivary cortisol responses...

Few studies have examined changes of diurnal cortisol profiles prospectively, in relation to non-pharmacological interventions such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Fifty-six patients remitted from recurrent depression (≥3 episodes) were included in an 8-week randomized controlled trial comparing MBCT plus treatment as usual (TAU) with TAU for depression relapse prophylaxis. Saliv...

Correlations between umbilical cord blood concentration of stress response hormone cortisol and prolactin, and delivery duration were examined. Thirty-three cases were selected in which both mothers and neonates were healthy, and the neonates were delivered at full term. The umbilical cord blood was collected at the time of delivery and concentrations of cortisol and prolactin were measured. Th...

We describe a direct radioimmunoassay for cortisol in 10-microliter volumes of parotid saliva or whole saliva. Binding proteins are absent from these fluids, as demonstrated by the excellent correlation between results for samples assayed directly and by a comparison procedure involving extraction with 1,2-dichloroethane. The direct assay is specific, precise, and had a lower limit of sensitivi...

1 The aim of this study was to objectively assess stress of kangaroos affected by lumpy jaw 2 disease (LJD) using plasma and hair cortisol concentrations. The plasma and hair samples 3 were collected from kangaroos with LJD and healthy controls. Collected hair samples were 4 extracted with methanol after washing with isopropanol, following which they were processed 5 with the cortisol enzyme im...

Objective To describe the frequency with which nursing staff in hospitals presents an altered diurnal pattern of cortisol secretion. Method These findings were based on results obtained from 56 randomly selected professional nursing staff working in outpatient clinics, medical clinics, surgical clinics, operating theaters, pediatric and adult emergency units, adult and pediatric intensive care ...

OBJECTIVE The effects of hypercortisolism on hippocampal volume have not been studied in heavy drinkers. Prior work suggested increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in relation to lowered total hippocampus volume (THV) in heavy-drinking alcohol-dependent (AD) subjects. The present study hypothesized the following: (1) that chronic heavy-drinking subjects would demonstrate significant...