Degenerations are defi ned as the gradual deterioration of a tissue or an organ that was previously normal with frequent loss of functional activity. Corneal degenerations are characterized by the deposition of material, thinning of tissue, and vascularization. Contrary to corneal dystrophies, they are not hereditary and could be unilateral. Moreover, because of the continuous exposure to envir...

Background/Objective: Hyperphosphatemia is the consequence of end stage renal failure. Inadequate control of serum phosphorus results in elevated Ca×P product with subsequent soft tissue deposition in the form of conjunctival and corneal calcification.  In this study, we evaluated the relationship of conjunctival and corneal calcification with secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patie...

PURPOSE To determine if a direct relationship exists between the two common measures of corneal topography--axial and instantaneous powers--that are based on corneal slope or curvature, respectively. METHOD The theoretical relationship between axial and instantaneous powers was derived for unrestricted shapes using equations of basic calculus. RESULTS It was found that axial power at any po...

standing of the eye’s refractive characteristics to a new level. It has changed our concepts for examining refraction in the same way that computerized corneal topography changed corneal surface measurement, which previously had been limited to the yardstick of keratometry. We now possess two, highly sensitive tools for the objective measurement of the eye—corneal topography and wavefront asses...

The morphological characterization of the cornea using corneal topographers is a widespread clinical practice that is essential for the diagnosis of keratoconus. The current state of this non-invasive exploratory technique has evolved with the possibility of achieving a great number of measuring points of both anterior and posterior corneal surfaces, which is possible due to the development of ...

A controlled trial of oral acyclovir in herpetic dendritic corneal ulcers was carried out on 31 patients. All patients received minimal wiping debridement of the ulcer, following which they were randomly allocated to receive either oral acyclovir or placebo for 7 days. At the end of treatment 67% of dendritic ulcers in patients receiving acyclovir had healed compared with 43% in placebo recipie...

Background: Correlations between bone marrow, heart, kidney, liver, skin and lung transplant rejection or survival with human cytokine gene polymorphisms have been described. There are also reports about the role of cytokines and Tumor Necrosis Factors-Alpha (TNF-α) on corneal transplant in animal models. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of cytokines in corneal allograft rejection...

BACKGROUND A chalazion is a common eyelid disease that causes eye morbidity due to inflammation and cosmetic disfigurement. Corneal topographic changes are important factors in corneal refractive surgery, intraocular lens power calculations for cataract surgery, and visual acuity assessments. However, the effects of chalazia on corneal astigmatism have not been thoroughly investigated. The chan...

PURPOSE Severe ocular surface diseases and injuries cause loss of the corneal limbal epithelium, leading to re-epithelialization by bulbar conjunctival cells, resulting in vascularization of the cornea, conjunctival scarring, and loss of visual acuity. In this study, the optimal culture condition for induction of differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells from embryonic stem (ES) cells was ...