Most transgenic corn seed is now treated with systemic neonicotinoid insecticides. To address potential direct nontarget effects of these combined technologies, 16 Carabidae species from 10 genera (Agonum, Amara, Anisodactylus, Bembidion, Chlaenius, Harpalus, Patrobus, Poecilus, Pterostichus, and Scarites) Þeld-collected from corn were directly exposed to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxin-l...

A study was undertaken to assess if corn plant (Zea may L.) maybe able to enhance the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in acidic soil inoculated with a bacterial strain (Pseudomonas putida MUB1) capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Planting with corn, inoculating with MUB1, ora combination of the two were found to promote the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene...

In the Mediterranean area, the main corn borer species are Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Mediterranean corn borer) and Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (European corn borer). In the overall context of integrated pest control, it is possible to reduce the effect of a pest without having a negative effect on the environment by varying the sowing date. Benefits are possible if the most susceptible stage...

Every year during the 5-year period 1976-1980, approximately 100 samples each of corn and wheat from trucks delivering the grains at elevators in Virginia were collected by personnel of the Federal Grain Inspection Service and shipped to NRRC. Samples were analyzed as soon as possible for aflatoxin, zearalenone, and ochratoxin A. The 3 mycotoxins were not detected in any wheat sample. Zearaleno...

Tillage and crop rotation system effects on corn (Zea mays L.) growth and development have been studied extensively over the past 30 years, but most studies have principally focused on the effects of tillage and crop rotation on mean corn response parameters such as plant height, grain moisture content, and grain yield. As a result, many agronomists and growers have concluded that instances of ...

The potential benefits of transgenic rootworm corn (Cry3Bb1 protein) are expected to include: increased root protection; increased intangible benefits to farmers (safety of not being exposed to insecticides, ease of use and handling, time and labor savings, better pest control); increased economic benefits to farmers ($231 million from yield gains [$25-$75/acre relative to no insecticide contro...

To examine whether phytosterols in polyunsaturated oils account for their differential action on lipid metabolism compared with monounsaturated oils, 16 normolipidemic individuals consumed three 10-day experimental diets containing corn oil (high in polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols), olive oil (high in monounsaturated fatty acids and low in phytosterols), or olive oil supplemented w...

Corn cultivation in the United States is expected to increase to meet demand for ethanol. Nitrogen leaching from fertilized corn fields to the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River system is a primary cause of the bottom-water hypoxia that develops on the continental shelf of the northern Gulf of Mexico each summer. In this study, we combine agricultural land use scenarios with physically based models ...

The US Corn Belt supports agroecosystems that flourish in a temperate climate regime that could see significant changes in the next few decades. Because Wisconsin is situated on the northern, cooler fringes of this region, it may be the beneficiary of a warmer climate that could help support higher corn and soybean yields. Here we show that trends in precipitation and temperature during the gro...

Four crossbred steers (395 kg) with cannulas in the rumen, proximal duodenum and distal ileum were used to evaluate effects of steaming time of corn on characteristics of digestion. The basal diet contained (DM basis) 12% forage-and 75% corn. The corn portion of the diet was provided as either dry-rolled (DR) or steam-flaked (SF), which had been exposed to steam for 34, 47 or 67 min prior to fl...