Many of the L2 students enrolled in mainstream programs at tertiary institutions experience grave difficulties with English as a medium of instruction. Although group work appears to offer these students numerous benefits, the assessment of group work projects is proving to be a thorny issue. The student whose words gave rise to the title of this article had little doubt as to his feelings abou...

In this paper, we deal with games with fuzzy payoffs. We proved that players who are playing a zero-sum game with fuzzy payoffs against Nature are able to increase their joint payoff, and hence their individual payoffs by cooperating. It is shown that, a cooperative game with the fuzzy characteristic function can be constructed via the optimal game values of the zero-sum games with fuzzy payoff...

The optimal path planning of cooperative manipulators is studied in the present research. Optimal Control Theory is employed to calculate the optimal path of each joint choosing an appropriate index of the system to be minimized and taking the kinematics equations as the constraints. The formulation has been derived using Pontryagin Minimum Principle and results in a Two Point Boundary Value Pr...

The optimal path planning of cooperative manipulators is studied in the present research. Optimal Control Theory is employed to calculate the optimal path of each joint choosing an appropriate index of the system to be minimized and taking the kinematics equations as the constraints. The formulation has been derived using Pontryagin Minimum Principle and results in a Two Point Boundary Value Pr...

EVALUATION OF FEDERAL JOINT COMMITTEE DECISIONS ON EARLY BENEFIT ASSESSMENTS ACCORDING TO THE GERMAN LAW FOR REFORMING THE MARKET OF PHARMACEUTICALS Schwander B1, Banz K2, Kaier K3, Walzer S4 1AHEAD GmbH – Agency for Health Economic Assessment and Dissemination, Loerrach, Germany; 2Outcomes International Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; 3University of Freiburg, Institute of Medical Biometry and Medical...

ABSTRACT- According to article 44 of the I.R. of Iran Constitution, the Iranian economy consists of three sectors; the state, the cooperative, and the private sectors. The aim of this study was to present a hierarchy of criteria for selecting the best economic sector for agricultural development. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to calculate the relative importance of either criteria o...

The central cooperative banks occupy a crucial position in the pyramidal structure of agricultural cooperative banking system. They from the backbone of the agricultural credit structure and provide the vital line between the primary agricultural societies and the state apex cooperative bank functioning at the state level. The study is based on secondary data obtained from annual reports of EDC...

Production costs in general, and workforce and inventory costs in particular, constitute a large fraction of the operating costs of many manufacturing plants. We introduce cooperative aggregate production planning as a way to decrease these costs. That is, when production planning of two or more facilities (plants) is integrated, they can interchange workforce and products inventory; thus, thei...

This study aims at investigating the effects of cooperative language learning on learning active and passive structures among Iranian EFL students. The participants of the study were 60 high school students that were selected from third grade of Barikbin high school in Qazvin. All of the participants were male. Their level of proficiency was intermediate. Then the participants were divided into...