Endothelial cells (ECs) exposed to cyclic strain induce gene expression. To elucidate the signaling mechanisms involved, we studied the effects of cyclic strain on ECs by using early growth response-1 (Egr-1) as a target gene. Cyclic strain induced a transient increase of Egr-1 mRNA levels that resulted in an increase of binding of nuclear proteins to the Egr-1 binding sequences in the platelet...

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), a mitogenic, angiogenic, and cardioprotective agent, is released from the postnatal heart by a mechanism of transient remodelling of the sarcolemma during contraction. Both release of FGF-2 and its synthesis can be increased with adrenergic stimulation. We reported previously that FGF-2 synthesis can be regulated at the transcriptional level by alpha-adrenerg...

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent reports of increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in lungs of patients with emphysema support the paradigm of proteinase/antiproteinase imbalance in the pathogenesis of COPD. We sought to define the signaling pathways activated by smoke and to identify molecules responsible for emphysema-asso...

Combustion in diesel engines is focusing towards unexplored combustion concepts where innovative ideas are being developed following several engine control factors. Advanced low temperature for automotive applications one of the improvements this regard. The test was conducted on a single cylinder, four stroke and air cooled engine. scope study to investigate impact EGR rate variation (25%, 35%...

The immediate-early gene early growth response gene-1 (EGR-1, zif-268) has been extensively studied in synaptic plasticity and memory formation in a variety of memory systems. However, a convincing role for EGR-1 in amygdala-dependent memory consolidation processes has yet to emerge. In the present study, we have examined the role of EGR-1 in the consolidation and reconsolidation of amygdala-de...

FP prostanoid receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors whose physiological activator is prostaglandin-F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)). PGF(2alpha) has been implicated in wound healing and cardiac hypertrophy, which are both known to involve the induction of the immediate-early response gene, early growth response factor-1 (EGR-1). We hypothesized that activation of the human FP receptor by PGF(2alpha)...

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) may contribute to the activation and growth of smooth muscle that is characteristic of airway remodeling in asthmatic patients. Early growth response 1 (EGR-1) is a transcription factor that is induced in several cell types by PDGF and may mediate some of the effects of PDGF. We show that human airway smooth muscle cells in cell culture express EGR-1 1 h a...

Egr-1 is a transcription factor that couples short-term changes in the extracellular milieu to long-term changes in gene expression. In cultured endothelial cells, the Egr-1 gene has been shown to respond to a variety of extracellular signals. However, the physiological relevance of these findings remains unclear. To address this question, the growth factor-mediated response of the Egr-1 gene u...

BACKGROUND Early growth response-1 (Egr-1) is an immediate-early transcription factor inducible in the vasculature in response to injury, shear stress, and other stimuli. Mice lacking Egr-1 have a profound deficit in the ability to recover from femoral artery ligation, suggesting a role in neovascularization. Previous studies have shown that manipulating Egr-1 expression can have either positiv...

Techniques such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and water-in-fuel emulsions (WFEs) can significantly decrease NOx emissions in diesel engines. As a disadvantage of adopting EGR, the afterburning period lengthens owing to shortage oxygen, lowering thermal efficiency. Meanwhile, WFEs slightly reduce phase without severely compromising Therefore, EGR–WFE combination was modeled utilizing KIVA-3...