In the menstrual cycle, the mid-cycle surge of gonadotropins (both luteinising hormone [LH] and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]) signals the initiation of the periovulatory interval, during which the follicle augments progesterone production and begins to luteinise, ultimately leading to the rupture of the follicle wall and the release of an oocyte. The administration of gonadotropins in con...

Sir, We would like to thank Dr Manno for the comments regarding pre-ovulatory progesterone levels in our paper on controlled ovarian stimulation with hCG supplementation (Thuesen et al., 2012). Dr Manno concluded that our study was another study denying a prognostic value to pre-triggering P4 levels. We think that our study should not be used to clarify a possible role of elevated progesterone ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the pregnancy rate in intrauterine insemination (IUI), and to determine possible prognostic factors of successful pregnancy. METHODS A retrospective study of IUI cycles performed in the Reproductive Medicine Unit of Vila Nova de Gaia Hospital, between January 2007 and July 2010. The IUI cycles were preceded by ovarian stimulation and monitored by vaginal ultrasound. Clinic...

Dear Sir, We read with great interest the article entitled ‘Individualization of controlled ovarian stimulation in IVF using ovarian reserve markers: from theory to practice’, published in Human Reproduction Update (La Marca and Sunkara, 2014). The authors performed a wide literature review over the issue of individualizing the ovarian stimulation in IVF cycles, according to predicting markers ...

© Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved. Transl Androl Urol, 2015;4(S1) www.amepc.org/tau dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and sperm adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. The independent t-test and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the variables between and within two groups. Results: In the i...

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of random-start controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in cancer patients for emergency fertility preservation. In this retrospective comparative study, 22 patients diagnosed with cancer and 44 infertile women undergoing conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included. In cancer patients, ovarian stimulation was started on the day of referral, irr...

Ovarian stimulation is applied in the clinic to restore mono-ovulatory cycles in anovulatory women (ovulation induction) or to induce the development of multiple dominant follicles for assisted reproduction. Ovarian response is the endocrine and follicular reaction of the ovaries to stimulation. Achieving an appropriate ovarian response to anti-estrogens or exogenous gonadotrophins is central t...

BACKGROUND Traditional monitoring of ovarian hyperstimulation during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment has included ultrasonography plus serum estradiol concentration to ensure safe practice by reducing the incidence and severity of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). The need for intensive monitoring during ovarian stimulation in IVF is controversial. It has been suggested that clos...