The suboccipital muscles are connected to the upper cervical spinal dura mater via the myodural bridges (MDBs). Recently, it was suggested that they might work as a pump to provide power for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the suboccipital muscles contractions on the CSF flow. Forty healthy adult volunteers were subjected to cine ph...

The plasminogen activator content in the circulating blood has hitherto been thought to derive largely from the endothelium of the veins (Messer, Celander, and Guest, I962; Chakrabarti, Birks, and Fearnley, I963; Warren, I964), though this has been difficult to prove and several other hypotheses have been put forward. Pandolfi and his colleagues (i967), for instance, believe that the plasminoge...

The ability to obtain, understand and use the information needed to make wise health choices is known as health literacy. Low health literacy among members of populations with poor reading skills, limited mastery of the English language, members of ethnic or cultural minorities, and immigrants is likely a major contributor to health disparities in the US (Agency for Health Care Policy and Resea...

Dr. Abolghasem Bahrami was among the generation of Iranian scientists in the early twentieth century who gained most of their knowledge through resources available inside the country. Educated at Dar-ul-Funun Medical School, he was a physician with a great talent in learning, especially self-teaching natural sciences and European languages. He joined the Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI) at the e...

That individuals contribute in social dilemma interactions even when contributing is costly is a wellestablished observation in the experimental literature. Since a contributor is always strictly worse off than a non-contributor the question is raised if an intrinsic motivation to contribute can survive in an evolutionary setting. Applying stochastic evolutionary dynamics we give conditions for...

Recently, a previous contributor showed how the delta-wye conversion may be applied to find the equivalent capacitance of five capacitors arranged in a bridge configuration. In fact, that contributor gave an algorithm for this purpose which showed that the equivalent capacitance depends upon all five capacitors. However, in this paper, we point out that there is a special case where the equival...

Notice This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.16. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contributor grants a free...

Notice This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.20 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contrib...

In this paper we address the challenge of assessing the quality of Wikipedia pages using scores derived from edit contribution and contributor authoritativeness measures. The hypothesis is that pages with significant contributions from authoritative contributors are likely to be high-quality pages. Contributions are quantified using edit longevity measures and contributor authoritativeness is s...

Knowledge spillovers are a central part of knowledge accumulation. The paper focuses on spillovers that occur through the interaction between different researchers or developers that collaborate in different research projects. The paper distinguishes between project spillovers and contributors' spillovers and between direct and indirect spillovers. The paper constructs a unique data set of open...