We propose a new variational inference method based on a proximal framework that uses the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence as the proximal term. We make two contributions towards exploiting the geometry and structure of the variational bound. Firstly, we propose a KL proximal-point algorithm and show its equivalence to variational inference with natural gradients (e.g. stochastic variational in...

Herein we report the first example of an isoDGR-drug conjugate (2), designed to release paclitaxel selectively within cancer cells expressing integrin αV β3 . Conjugate 2 was synthesized by connecting the isoDGR peptidomimetic 5 with paclitaxel via the lysosomally cleavable Val-Ala dipeptide linker. Conjugate 2 displayed a low nanomolar affinity for the purified integrin αV β3 receptor (IC50 =1...

Network calculus has successfully been deployed to derive deterministic performance bounds in packet-switching networks. Recently, the deployment of the conjugate convex or concave transforms has been proposed as dual approach to this calculus. The attractiveness of this conjugate network calculus is based on the fact that the Min-Plus convolution and deconvolution become the more convenient op...

fracture system in carbonate reservoirs is very complex. understanding the features of fractures such as dip, strike and the other parameters can help to distinguish the behaviour of reservoir in any exploration and production plan. image log is the best way to investigate feature planes like fracture and bedding. image log in one of drilled well #10x393 of bangestan reservoir in gachsaran oilf...

T-Condylar fracture of the distal humerus is rare in the skeletally immature children and is very rare in young children, under 9 years of age. This fracture has been classified  as:  type A ( minimally displaced or undisplaced), type B (displaced  but  not comminuted ) and type C (displaced and comminuted). Herein, we report a T-Condylar fracture of the distal humerus in a 5-yr-old boy. This f...

This tutorial describes the classic method of conjugate directions: the generalization of the conjugate-gradient method in iterative least-square inversion. I derive the algebraic equations of the conjugate-direction method from general optimization principles. The derivation explains the “magic” properties of conjugate gradients. It also justifies the use of conjugate directions in cases when ...

Conjugate gradient method is verified to be efficient for nonlinear optimization problems of large-dimension data. In this paper, a penalized linear and nonlinear combined conjugate gradient method for the reconstruction of fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is presented. The algorithm combines the linear conjugate gradient method and the nonlinear conjugate gradient method together based ...

Based on the potential beneficial effects of growth hormone releasing peptide (GHRP)-6 on muscle functions, a newly synthesized GHRP-6-biotin conjugate was tested on cultured myoblast cells. Increased expression of myogenic marker proteins was observed in GHRP-6-biotin conjugate-treated cells. Additionally, increased expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and collagen type I were obs...

Conjugate gradient methods have been paid attention to, because they can be directly applied to large-scale unconstrained optimization problems. In order to incorporate second order information of the objective function into conjugate gradient methods, Dai and Liao (2001) proposed a conjugate gradient method based on the secant condition. However, their method does not necessarily generate a de...

we present an exceedingly rare case of left monteggia-galeazzi fracture-dislocation and right monteggiadistal radius fracture occurring simultaneously in a 20-year old male patient who had fallen 13 meters from a building. the combination of monteggia and galeazzi fracture-dislocation in the same forearm is very rare and, to the best of our knowledge, simultaneous bilateral monteggia and galeaz...