In a recent study, we found that newly isolated clones of NIH 3T3 mouse cells undergo neoplastic transformation more readily than uncloned cultures from which they were derived. After eleven low-density passages (LDPs), most of the 29 clones produced lightly stained early-stage transformed foci when grown to confluence in a primary assay for transformation, and one of them consistently produced...

Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial (e) nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is a critical mediator of vascular function and growth in the developing lung. Pulmonary eNOS expression is diminished in conditions associated with altered pulmonary vascular development, suggesting that eNOS may be modulated by changes in pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) growth. We determined the effects of ce...

Long-term modulation of intercellular communication via gap junctions was investigated in TM3 Leydig cells, under low and high confluence states, and upon treatment of the cells for different times with activators of protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC). Cells in low confluence were readily coupled, as determined by transfer of the dye Lucifer Yellow; on reaching confluence, the ce...

It is shown that it is undecidable in general whether a terminating graph rewriting system is confluent or not—in contrast to the situation for term and string rewriting systems. Critical pairs are introduced to hypergraph rewriting, a generalisation of graph rewriting, where it turns out that the mere existence of common reducts for all critical pairs of a graph rewriting system does not imply...

This paper is divided in two parts. In the first part we consider a convergent q-analog of the divergent Euler series, with q ∈ (0, 1), and we show how the Borel sum of a generic Gevrey formal solution to a differential equation can be uniformly approximated on a convenient sector by a meromorphic solution of a corresponding q-difference equation. In the second part, we work under the assumptio...

A process is extensionally deterministic if, after any trace s and given any event a, it is either certain to accept or certain to refuse a (stably) after s. We show how several process algebras are capable of expressing this property and how they agree on the equivalence of deterministic processes. A number of important properties of processes P , including confluence, can be captured in terms...

Knuth and Bendix showed that confluence of a terminating first-order rewrite system can be reduced to the joinability of its finitely many critical pairs. We show that this is still true of a rewrite system RT ∪ RNT such that RT is terminating and RNT is a left-linear, rank non-increasing, possibly non-terminating rewrite system. Confluence can then be reduced to the joinability of the critical...

Madin-Darby canine kidney type II cells were shown to release low amounts of AA (arachidonic acid) and prostaglandin E2 in response to various stimuli when analysed after cell confluence. In contrast, non-confluent Madin-Darby canine kidney type II cells released much higher amounts of AA and prostaglandin E2. In both stationary and non-confluent cells, AA was released by type IV cPLA2 (cytosol...

We present a formalization of Abadi’s and Cardelli’s theory of objects in the interactive theorem prover Isabelle/HOL. In particular, we present (a) a formal model of objects and its operational semantics based on DeBruijn indices (b) a parallel reduction relation for objects (c) the proof of confluence for the theory of objects reusing Nipkow’s HOL-framework for the lambda calculus. Key-words:...

An account of the basic theory of confluence in the 1r-calculus is presented, techniques for showing confluence of mobile systems are given, and the utility of some of the theory presented is illustrated via an analysis of a distributed algorithm. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Confluence arises in a variety of forms in computation theory. It was first studied in the context of concurrent systems by...