An experimental technique is developed to impose a planar lateral confinement in a prismatic specimen (with rectangular cross-section); the setup enabled a controlled and homogeneous stress state with high lateral compressive stresses. A transparent polycrystalline aluminum oxynitride (AlON) specimen was used for the study. The statically pre-compressed specimen was then subjected to axial dyna...

compared to quartz sand, the shear behavior of carbonate sand differs in  appearance, origin, and kind. carbonate sand is found mainly in the northern coast of the persian gulf and the oman sea. in this research, a comparison is made between the shear behavior of carbonate sand retrieved from the eastern region of the chabahar port, located north of the oman sea, and quartz sand obtained from f...

In this study, the dynamic mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete under influence freeze–thaw cycles were studied. The studied parameters include content (0%, 1% and 2%), confining pressures (0, 5 10 MPa) strain rates (10−5/s, 10−4/s, 10−3/s 10−2/s). Performance was also evaluated, including triaxial compressive strength, peak strain, relationship between stress failure mode m...

The paper presents a new microplane constitutive model for the inelastic behavior of jointed rock masses that takes into account the mechanical behavior and geometric characteristics of cracks and joints. The basic idea is that the microplane modeling of rock masses under general triaxial loading, including compression, requires the isotropic rock matrix and the joints to be considered as two d...

In this review, we discuss the confining and finite-temperature properties of the 3D SU(N) Georgi–Glashow model, and of 4D compact QED. At zero temperature, we derive string representations of both theories, thus constructing the SU(N) version of Polyakov’s theory of confining strings. We discuss the geometric properties of confining strings, as well as the appearance of the string θ term from ...