this study is an outlook of iranians religious practices and customs in eras such as nasser one. it attempts to answer the main question, "religious practices and ceremonies in the society during naseri ruling" and other subsidiary questions with scientific and historical theories. iran was a traditional and religious community . people abided by their religious practices and duties within reli...

‏‎translation as a comunicative process is always said to be associated with various aspects of meaning loss or gain. subtitling as a mode of translating, due to special discoursal and textual conditions imposed upon it, is believed to be an obvious case of this loss or gain. presenting the spoken sound track of a film in writing and synchronizing the perception of this text by the viewers with...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

over the past decades a number of approaches have been applied for forecasting mortality. in 1992, a new method for long-run forecast of the level and age pattern of mortality was published by lee and carter. this method was welcomed by many authors so it was extended through a wider class of generalized, parametric and nonlinear model. this model represents one of the most influential recent d...

flow in natural river bends is a complex and turbulent phenomenon which affects the scour and sedimentations and causes an irregular bed topography on the bed. for the reason, the flow hydralics and the parameters which affect the flow to be studied and understand. in this study the effect of bed and wall roughness using the software fluent discussed in a sharp 90-degree flume bend with 40.3cm ...

run-out-table (rot) is located between last finishing stand and down coiler in a hot strip mill. as the hot steel strip passes from rot, water jets impact on it from top and bottom and strip temperature decreases approximately from 800-950 °c to 500-750°c. the temperature history that strip experience while passing through rot affects significantly the metallurgical and mechanical properties, s...

reinsurance is widely recognized as an important instrument in the capital management of an insurance company as well as its risk management tool. this thesis is intended to determine premium rates for different types of reinsurance policies. also, given the fact that the reinsurance coverage of every company depends upon its reserves, so different types of reserves and the method of their calc...

abstract: mineral scaling in oil and gas production equipment is one of the most important problem that occurs while water injection and it has been recognized to be a major operational problem. the incompatibility between injected and formation waters may result in inorganic scale precipitation in the equipment and reservoir and then reduction of oil production rate and water injection rate. ...

the purpose of this study was to examine the status of supervision on departments’ heads at ferdowsi university of mashhad (fum) and realize some applied themes to provide a fit model for supervising departments’ heads in fum. the method was case study under a research category aimed for applied one. using purposive sampling, interviews were conducted with top fum managers, head departments, an...

with the introduction of communicative language teaching, a large number of studies have concerned with students’ oral participation in language classrooms. although the importance of classroom participation is evident, some language learners are unwilling to engage in oral activities. this passivity and unwillingness to participate in language classroom discussions is known as “reticence”. rev...