In t h i s paper we b r i e f l y p resen t t h e main re levan t physical q u a n t i t i e s i n t h e rheology of concentrated d i spers ions . Main l i n e s o f t h r e e t o p i c s ( s h e a r v i scos i ty , sedimentation ve loc i ty and aggregation processes) a r e then given. The importance o r ordered or random s t r u c t u r e s is emphasized. Nature and i n d u s t i a l processes...

Understanding age-specific differences in infection rates can be important in predicting the magnitude of and mortality in outbreaks and targeting age groups for vaccination programmes. Standard methods to estimate age-specific rates assume that the age-specific force of infection is constant in time. However, this assumption may easily be violated in the face of a highly variable outbreak hist...

This paper reports template-based growth of nanorod arrays by combination of sol–gel processing and centrifugation. The technical concept is simple and straightforward; centrifugation force drives the sol nanoclusters into the pores of the template, filling the pores completely to form nanorods. However, simulation reveals the formation of nanorods inside pores is more complex; centrifugation f...

This study examines the impact of public spending on Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) on age 15 achievement using PISA 2012 data. In order to estimate the causal effect of ECEC spending on student test scores, we follow a cross-country instrumental variable approach. Our identification strategy exploits between country variation in effect of World War 2 (WW2) on female labour force par...

We investigate force transmission through a layer of shear-thickening fluid, here a concentrated aqueous cornstarch suspension. When a solid body is pushed through this complex fluid and approaches its containing wall, a hardened volume of the suspension is observed that adds to the leading side of the body. This volume leads to an imprint on the wall which is made of molding clay. By studying ...

Change in income inequality in Taiwan from 1964 to 1995 is sensitive to how household incomes are adjusted for household composition. The reasonable practice of dividing household income by persons (or adults) in the household eliminates the widely noted increase in income inequality from 1980 to 1995, and calls into question whether income inequality decreased substantially from 1964 to 1975. ...

The possibility to align and organize faceted particles in the bulk offers intriguing possibilities for the design and discovery of materials and architectures exhibiting novel functional properties. The growth of ice crystals can be used to trigger the self-assembly of large, anisotropic particles and consequently to obtain three-dimensional porous materials of large dimensions in a limited am...

We developed manipulation of single virus using optical tweezers and dielectrophoretic (DEP) force in a microfluidic chip. We used a microfluidic chip made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The chip has independent virus chamber and cell chamber to make quantitative analysis of the functions of influenza virus before and after infection to a cell. DEP force integrated inside virus chamber conce...

During the decade 1968-1978, the labor force participation rate of older male workers decreased substantially. Simultaneously, the number of recipients of disability transfers grew rapidly. The simultaneous movement of these time series has prompted assertions of causality. We empirically test this assertion, employing a utility maximization choice framework and a two-stage empirical model invo...

Aluminum (Al)-based silicon carbide (SiC) material composites are considered as difficult-to-machine materials because of the presence hard reinforced SiC particles, which results in a greater cutting force and poor surface integrity during machining process. This paper established micro-anisotropic mechanical models SiCp/Al with 10vol% studied difference mechanism between ultrasonic elliptical...