We use the three-dimensional Hellinger}Reissner mixed variational principle to derive a Kth order (K"0, 1, 2,2) shear and normal deformable plate theory. The balance laws, the constitutive relations and the boundary conditions for the plate theory are deduced. The constitutive relations incorporate the shear and the normal tractions applied on the top and the bottom surfaces of the plate. For a...

A statistically stationary and nearly homogeneous turbulent shear flow is established by an additional volume forcing in combination with stress-free boundary conditions in the shear direction. Both turbulent energy and enstrophy are stationary to a much better approximation than in previous simulations that use remeshing. The temporal fluctuations decrease with increasing Reynolds number. Ener...

In this article fluid-structure interaction of vibrating composite piezoelectric plates is investigated. Since the plate is assumed to be moderately thick, rotary inertia effects and transverse shear deformation effects are deliberated by applying exponential shear deformation theory. Fluid velocity potential is acquired using the Laplace equation, and fluid boundary conditions and wet dynamic ...

This study makes use of the Tsallis entropy to predict the shear stress distribution. Given a definition of the Tsallis entropy, it is maximized by using the probability density function, which then is used to attain a novel shear stress equation. This is then employed for calculating the shear stress distribution in rectangular channels in different aspect ratios and finally, for viability, th...

A new method for the Reissner-Mindlin plate has been proposed. The nonconform-ing Wilson element is used for transverse displacement, rotation is approximated by the usual bilinear element, and an orthogonal projection is applied to the shear stress term. The uniform convergence with respect to the plate thickness is established. Numerical results are provided. The new method is simple in imple...

the aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (sbs) of resin modified glass ionomer (rmgi) and composite resin for bonding metal and ceramic brackets.eighty-eight human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were divided into 4 groups (n=22). in groups 1 and 2, 22 metal and ceramic brackets were bonded using composite resin (transbond xt), respectively. twenty-two metal and...

background: dental surfaces prepared with different er:yag laser distance may have different characteristics compared with those prepared with conventional instruments. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of er:yag laser irradiation distance from enamel and dentin surfaces on the shear bond strength of composite with self-etch and etch and rinse bonding systems compared with con...

Abstract Due to the need for structures with refined properties bear against different loading conditions, recently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used widely reinforce them. The extremely high stiffness of CNTs makes them significant as one best reinforcements improve mechanical behaviors structures. This work focuses on microbeam buckling response an initial curvature that includes three ...

1 ABSTRACT ____ An experimental study was undertaken to establish the viscoelastic behavior of IM7/K3B composite in compression at elevated temperature. Creep compliance, strain recovery and the effects of physical aging on the time dependent response was measured for uniaxial loading at several isothermal conditions below the glass transition temperature (T g). The IM7/K3B composite is a graph...

Based on generalized laminate plate theory, the formulation of a one-dimensional beam finite element with layer-wise constant shear (BLCS) is presented. The linear layer-wise representation of in-plane displacements permit accurate computation of normal stresses and transverse shear stresses on each layer for laminated beams with dissimilar ply stiffnesses. The BLCS formulation is equivalent to...