Sporadic cone (or seed) production challenges longleaf pine forest restoration. Characterizing annual change from long-term monitored data provides functional information on the foundational species of this imperiled ecosystem. In study, permutation entropy (PE) and phase were used to analyze based counts four sites (Escambia Experimental Forest, Blackwater River State The Jones Center at Ichau...

External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) may be useful for communicating the intention of an automated vehicle (AV) to a pedestrian, but it is unclear which eHMI design most effective. In crowdsourced experiment, we examined effects (1) colour (red, green, cyan), (2) position (roof, bumper, windshield), (3) message (WALK, DON’T WALK, WILL STOP, WON’T light bar), (4) activation distance (35 or ...