In mammals, flies, and worms, sex is determined by distinctive regulatory mechanisms that cause males (XO or XY) and females (XX) to differ in their dose of X chromosomes. In each species, an essential X chromosome-wide process called dosage compensation ensures that somatic cells of either sex express equal levels of X-linked gene products. The strategies used to achieve dosage compensation ar...

Background: Preparing a formal transaction document is one of the specific duties of notaries public, which requires the use and observance of various substantive and formal conditions. Failure to comply with any of these conditions can lead to the annulment of the document by the court and the responsibility to compensate the clerks. Compensation by the clerks in various articles such as Artic...

BACKGROUND Although glasses and bottles are frequently used as weapons in assaults, there is little knowledge on which prevention strategies can be based. DESIGN Scrutiny of a random sample of 1288 criminal injury compensation applications. OBJECTIVE To identify predictors and relative severity of glass and bottle injury. METHOD Injury site, severity, treatment, and demographic characteri...

Rate scalable video compression is appealing for low bit rate applications, such as video telephony and wireless communication, where bandwidth available to an application cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, we investigate a set of strategies to increase the performance of SAMCoW, a rate scalable encoder [1, 2]. These techniques are based on based on wavelet decomposition, spatial orientation ...

Rate scalable video compression is appealing for low bit rate applications, such as video telephony and wireless communication, where bandwidth available to an application cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, we investigate a set of strategies to increase the performance of SAMCoW, a rate scalable encoder [1, 2]. These techniques are based on based on wavelet decomposition, spatial orientation ...

Many crowdsourcing studies have been conducted that utilize Amazon Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing marketplace platform. The Amazon Mechanical Turk team proposes that comprehensive studies in the areas of HIT design, workflow and reviewing methodologies, and compensation strategies will benefit the crowdsourcing field by establishing a standard library of repeatable patterns and protocols. Author

Since the previous studies on idiom translation mainly focus on the linguistic level, this paper mainly discusses the translation of idioms from a cognitive perspective, that is relevance theory. Three translation strategies are discussed under the framework of relevance theory: literal translation, literal translation with compensation and free translation.