Mechanosensitive channels are thought to function as safety valves for the release of cytoplasmic solutes from cells that have to manage a rapid transition from high- to low-osmolarity environments. Subsequent to an osmotic down-shock of cells grown at high osmolarity, Bacillus subtilis rapidly releases the previously accumulated compatible solute glycine betaine in accordance with the degree o...

In the guinea pig isolated perfused trachea contracted with serosal methacholine (MCh), increasing the osmolarity of the mucosal bathing solution elicits relaxation of smooth muscle mediated by epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF). The present study was undertaken to determine whether a specific modality of the hyperosmolar stimulus induced the relaxation response. Mucosal hyperosmolar ch...

Size dependence of solute diffusivity has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations for a range of solute radii in a binary mixture consisting of solute and solvent species. We demonstrate that the Stokes-Einstein relationship between self diffusivity and solute radius breaks down over a range of solute-solvent size ratios. This is a result of the previously known Levitation Effect...

in this paper, the combined effect of suspended (fine dust) particles and rotation on the onset of thermosolutal convection in an elastico-viscous fluid in a porous medium is studied. for the porous medium, the brinkman model is employed and rivlin-ericksen model is used to characterize viscoelastic fluid. by applying normal mode analysis method, the dispersion relation has been derived and sol...

the osmotic dehydration causes water removing from food and also a soluble solid uptake into thefoodstuffs. however, large penetration of solute into the food becomes a major problem in osmoticdehydration.pre-coating the food to be dehydrated with an artificial, edible barrier was also explored as a wayto efficiently hinder solute penetration. in this study the effect of edible coating (cmc),co...

the partial differential equations for water flow and solute transport in a two-dimensional saturated domain are rendered discrete using the finite difference technique; the resulting system of algebraic equations is solved using a dynamic programming (dp) method. the advantage of the dp algorithm is that the problem is converted from solving an algebraic system of order nc(nl-1) nc(nl-1) into...