Abstract According to the normative approach, speech acts are governed by certain norms. Interestingly, same is true for classes of acts. This paper considers treatment constatives, consisting such as assertives, predictives, suggestives, and more. The classical approach treat these illocutions species constatives. Recently, however, Simion (Shifty Speech Independent Thought: Epistemic Normativ...

This paper explores a hitherto largely ignored dimension to norms in multi-agent systems: the normative role played by optimization objectives. We introduce the notion of optimization norms which constrain agent behaviour in a manner that is significantly distinct from norms in the traditional sense. We argue that optimization norms underpin most other norms, and offer a richer representation o...

Norms represent the expected behavior of an agent in a multi-agent system. Generally, norms describe the actions that can be performed, must be performed, and cannot be performed in the system. Due to the number of norms defined to govern a multi-agent systems (MAS), norms may conflict with each other. Norms are in conflict when the fulfillment of one norm violates the other and vice-versa. The...

In this work we consider how to enforce norms in the Situation Calculus based programming language Golog and its relatives. We define a notion of norm compliant sequence of actions with respect to norms prescribing some actions to be forbidden or obliged (ought-to-do norms), norms prescribing that a state-condition is forbidden (oughtto-be norms) and norms that are a form of deadline. We then s...

Abstract This article explains how social norms can help to distinguish and understand a range of different kinds inequality hierarchy. My aim is show the literature on provide crucial resources relational egalitarianism, which has made equality into central topic contemporary normative political theorizing. The hope that more discriminating detailed picture will egalitarians move beyond discus...

conclusions due to the high rate of self-immolations in this area, solutions for improvement of life quality and social norms should be reviewed and implemented. results 350 self-immolations resulting in death were reported in this study; these subjects were 16-25 years old, 67.25% female, 63.55% elementary school education, 74.20% married, 69.10% housewife, 61.05% resident of saravan, 93.35% o...