The Wittig reaction rate can be dramatically enhanced by irradiation of the reaction mixture containing an aldehyde or ketone; methoxymethyl(triphenyl)phosphonium chloride, potassium t-butoxide, and t BuOH with a commercial microwave oven. Carbonyl compound are converted to Witting products within three min. in good yields.

Most college and university campuses in the United States and much of the developed world today maintain one, two, or several learning management systems (LMSs), which are courseware products that provide students and faculty with Web-based tools to manage course-related applications. Since the mid-1990s, two predominant models of Web courseware management systems have emerged: commercial and n...

Thus, the information below describes substantive capabilities and benefits that are exemplified by the selected application areas and problems addressed. None have been empirically demonstrated in commercial products. Naturally, the specific commercial benefits for each Boundary Math commercial research application are highly sensitive to the technical and marketing context they are embedded i...

Sophisticated commercial products and product assemblies can greatly benefit from novel IT-based approaches to the conditioning of these products and of „product knowledge‟, leading to what we call Smart Products. The paper motivates the need for such novel approaches, introduces important relevant challenges and research domains, and provides an early definition of Smart Products.

the ionic liquid li(ohch2ch2nh2)(cf3oac) was found to efficiently catalyze the three-component reaction between different enols, aldehydes, and malononitrile , leading to rapid synthesis of 2-amino-4h-chromene derivatives in fairly high yields. the catalyst is easily prepared, highly stable, simple to handle and recycled for several times without significant loss of activity. the method is simp...

Alicyclobacillus are spoilage microbes of many juice products, but contamination of kiwi products by Alicyclobacillus is seldom reported. This study aims to investigate the whole production line of kiwi products in China to assess the potential risk of their contamination. A total of 401 samples from 18 commercial products, 1 processing plant and 16 raw material orchards were tested, and 76 sam...

This study aimed to verify the in vitro ability of beer fermentation residue (BFR) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and five commercial products that differed in the viability and integrity of S. cerevisiae cells to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from a citrate-phosphate buffer solution (CPBS). BFR was collected at a microbrewery and prepared by drying and milling. The commercial yeast-bas...

objective(s): nanomaterials, especially silver nanoparticles (ag-nps), are employed in an increasing number of commercial products. this has led to an ever growing exposure of human beings to this substance. the first purpose of the nano committee of food and drug administration of the islamic republic of iran (ifda) is developing guidelines to assess and approve commercial nano-health products...

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