[1] A combination of cloud-top and columnar droplet sizes derived from the multi Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) sensors reveals the sensitivity of the aerosols effect on cloud-precipitation processes due to environmental vertical thermodynamic structure. First, the magnitude of aerosol indirect effect could be larger with the analysis of columnar droplet sizes than that derived fr...

Columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CCV-PTC) is a rare and aggressive tumor composed of tumor cells that form papillae, glands and solid structures. Fine needle aspiration on a young female patient who presented with a solitary thyroid nodule. Cytology revealed cellular smears with three dimensional clusters and papillary fragments composed of tall columnar cells. These column...

Barrett's esophagus is the metaplastic change of the squamous epithelium lining the distal esophagus into an intestinalized columnar epithelium that predisposes to esophageal adenocarcinoma development. The cell that gives rise to Barrett's esophagus has not been identified definitively, although several sources for the Barrett's esophagus cell of origin have been postulated. One possible sourc...

During activities of the Sea Fisheries Research Institute at Kleinzee, lung samples from six South African fur seals were collected. The terminal airways showed pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with numerous goblet cells and occasional brush cells. Smooth muscle, cartilage and submucosal glands were also present. The epithelium changed over a short distance, in the smaller airways,...

Cytokeratin (CK) expression was studied in 22 sinonasal inverted papillomas. Columnar (respiratory) epithelium in inverted papillomas abundantly expressed CK7, CK8, CK18, and CK19. Immunoreactivity for CK5/14 and CK17 was found in basal and parabasal/suprabasal cells. Transitional (cuboidal) and squamous epithelium in inverted papillomas comparably expressed CK7, CK8, CK18, and CK19. In additio...

A 50-yr-old male presented a thyroid mass with dysphasia and hoarseness. He underwent total thyroidectomy and neck node dissection. Pathologically, the tumor had two distinct tumor components with intermingled areas: follicular variant of papillary carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma composed of columnar cells, mucocytes, and squamoid cells showing solid and cystic ...

Discussion of the lineage and transformation of esophageal epithelium as they relate to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) requires consideration of both the native squamous epithelium and the acquired columnar epithelium of Barrett's esophagus. The non-keratinizing squamous epithelium has a proliferative basal zone where cells undergo mitosis, then migrate toward the luminal surface, and d...

The representation of orientation in primary visual cortex (V1) has been examined at a fine spatial scale corresponding to the columnar architecture. We present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements providing evidence for a topographic map of orientation preference in human V1 at a much coarser scale, in register with the angular-position component of the retinotopic map of ...

We study the effects of weak point and columnar disorder on the vortexlattice phase transitions in high temperature superconductors. The combined effect of thermal fluctuations and of quenched disorder is investigated using a simplified cage model. For point disorder we use the mapping to a directed polymer in a disordered medium in 2+1 dimensions. For columnar disorder the problem is mapped in...

Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) on superalloy components are being used successfully in land-based gas turbine and aircraft engines. These coatings are generally made by either air plasma spraying (APS) or electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD). In general, EB-PVD TBCs have superior durability due to the columnar structure, but they are very expensive compared to APS TBCs. EB...