today, ecotourism is a major tourist activity around the world. it is based on environment potential through which suitable utilization and conservation of sites under management practices including considering accurate planning, potential, and peoples’ preferences are realized. the present study was conducted to determine people’s recreational preferences using questionnaires to evaluate the e...

Human alteration of landscapes can affect the distribution, abundance, and behavior of wildlife. We explored the effects of human land use on the prevalence of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations residing in north-central Colorado. We chose best approximating models estimating CWD prevalence in relation to differences in human land use, sex, and geograph...

Furbearer Management in North America maintains wild furbearer populations at sustainably harvestable, scientifically determined and socially acceptable levels. Furbearer management impacts numerous wildlife populations and habitats, and human health, safety and property. Achieving balance in the management of furbearers is not always an easy task partly because regulated trapping, a controvers...

Bergerud, A., H. Butler, and D. Miller. 1984. Antipredator tactics of calving caribou: dispersion in mountains. Canadian Journal of Zoology 62:1566–1575. Chapman, B. B., C. Brönmark, J. Å. Nilsson, and L. A. Hansson. 2011. The ecology and evolution of partial migration. Oikos 120:1764–1775. Creel, S., D. Christianson, S. Liley, and J. A. Winnie, Jr. 2007. Predation risk affects reproductive phy...

Humans have been harvesting wild populations for the entire extent of human history. In most early human societies, a successful hunt not only fed one’s family, but also brought respect from both family and community (Bolen and Robinson 2002). Although most North Americas and western Europeans today acquire their food that was planted, harvested, and processed by someone else, hunting and harve...

In recent years, concerns have been raised about the health and status of a range of marine species in UK waters, including the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus). Disturbance and harassment from increasing inshore leisure traffic and a fascinated public have been identified as potential threats to these large marine species. This concern is coupled w...

[1] ‏ahmad, s. and simonovic, s.p. (2005). an artificial neural network model for generating hydrograph from hydrometeorological parameters, j. hydrol, 315, 236-251. [2] agarwal, a., mishra, s.k., ram, s. and singh, j.k. (2006). simulation of runoff and sediment yield using artificial neural networks, biosys. eng, 94(4), 597-613. [3] amini, m., abbaspour, k.c., khademi, h., fathianpour, n., afy...

wetlands, national parks and wildlife refuges are the most important ecological capitals, so inform of their change has main role in quality of management of such area. having new information of their changes helps us to find causes of changes and plans and policies that needed. remote sensing data are one of the most important and best sources for changes monitoring especially in environment. ...

We studied sexual segregation, particularly patterns of group membership for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), in Lincoln County, Minnesota, USA, to evaluate current techniques used to categorize animals when studying sexual segregation. We categorized group membership according to Hirth (1977) and grouped individuals using our solitary categorization method. Our solitary method was m...