Let $kgeq 1$ be an integer, and let $G$ be a graph. A {it$k$-rainbow dominating function} (or a {it $k$-RDF}) of $G$ is afunction $f$ from the vertex set $V(G)$ to the family of all subsetsof ${1,2,ldots ,k}$ such that for every $vin V(G)$ with$f(v)=emptyset $, the condition $bigcup_{uinN_{G}(v)}f(u)={1,2,ldots,k}$ is fulfilled, where $N_{G}(v)$ isthe open neighborhood of $v$. The {it weight} o...

Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) system for vehicles is a challenging area of research due to its importance to a wide range of commercial applications. The first and the most important stage for any ALPR system is the localization of the license plate within the image captured by a camera. Variety of techniques has already been reported for localization of license plate and recogniti...

the yield and quality features of raisin are affected by various factors especially har-vest date and dipping solutions. combinations of different harvest date (four harvest dates) and post harvest alkaline emulsion (three alkaline solutions) were tested in vitis vi-nifera l. cv ‘paycamy’ green raisin production in kashmar, khorasan province of iran. such raisin quantitative and qualitative cha...

It is proved in this note that the Grundy number, T(G), and the ochromatic number, x’(G), are the same for any graph G. An n-coloring of a graph G = (V, E) is a function f from I/ onto N ={1,2,..., n} such that, whenever vertices u and u are adjacent. then f(u) f f(u). An n-coloring is complete if for every pair i,j of integers, 1 5 i 5 j 5 n, there exist a pair U, u of adjacent vertices such t...

Nowadays, although an increased number of people tend to use high-quality images for their daily activities, there are some applications where it is useful to have a reduced number of colors in our images. In this article, a color reduction approach is presented based on Cellular Automata (CA). More specifically, we exploit the inherent properties of CA, in order to locally detect the dominant ...

1. Protanopes and deuteranopes show one maximum of wavelength discrimination which occurs near their neutral point in the region of 500 mmicro (blue-green for color-normal). The value of the just discriminable wavelength interval Deltalambda is about 1 mmicro at this point and is much like the normal. To either side of this, Deltalambda rises. It increases rapidly on the short-wave side, and sl...

Color rendering indices are used to access the quality of lighting but, in addition to other well-known limitations, are not defined for color deficient observers. We evaluated the quality of lighting for normal and color deficient observers in the context of art paintings by estimating the number of colors they perceive when looking at the paintings. Hyperspectral data from 11 oil paintings we...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the seed storage protein of seven different species of papaver in ardabil province, iran by sds-page method. by scoring banding patterns data, a total of 20 loci were identified in the species. maximum number of protein band (17 bands) was belonged to p. bracteatum and p. rhoease. minimum number of protein band (13 bands) was related to the species of p...

In this report, survey on human face detection in color images and an implementation of automatic faces detection based on skin color and face features are presented. The color information in YCbCr color space is combined with the multiple features such as eyes and mouth, to detect faces in arbitrary color images. This implementation consists of four parts: a human skin segmentation to identify...