Atomic Force Microscopes (AFMs) are widely used for the investigation of samples at the nanometer scale. The metrological AFM used in this work uses a 3 degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) stage, driven by piezo-stack actuators, for sample manipulation in combination with a fixed cantilever. The piezostack actuators suffer from hysteresis, which acts as a nonlinear disturbance on the system and/or can ch...

The ability to actively control the shape of aerospace structures has led to the implementation of Shape Memory Alloy actuators. These actuators can be used for morphing or shape control by modulating their temperature, which is effectively done by applying a voltage difference across their length. Characterization of this temperaturestrain relationship is currently done using constitutive mode...

Cells progressing through the cell cycle must commit irreversibly to mitosis without slipping back to interphase before properly segregating their chromosomes. A mathematical model of cell-cycle progression in cell-free egg extracts from frog predicts that irreversible transitions into and out of mitosis are driven by hysteresis in the molecular control system. Hysteresis refers to toggle-like ...

In this paper we identify demand shocks that can have a permanent effect on output through hysteresis effects. We call these shocks. They are found to be quantitatively important in the United States, particular when Great Recession is included sample. Recessions driven by lead decline employment and investment, while per worker largely unaffected. find strong evidence transmits rise lon...

Being inherently compliant, the robotic artificial muscles are increasingly popular in applications such as safe human-robot interaction, legged robotics, prostheses and orthoses, and soft robotics. Their full utilization is often challenged by the coupled hysteresis among input, strain, and tension force. Although conventional two-dimensional hysteresis models are available, no prior studies o...

The ability to actively control the shape of aerospace structures has spawned the use of shape memory alloy actuators. These actuators can be used for morphing or shape control by modulating their temperature, which is effectively done by applying a voltage difference across their length. Characterization of this temperature–strain relationship is currently done using constitutive models, which...

A prosthetic foot is an important element of a prosthesis, although it is not always fully recognized that the properties of the foot, along with the prosthetic knee joint and the socket, are in part responsible for the stability and metabolic energy cost during walking. The stiffness and the hysteresis, which are the topics of this paper, are not properly prescribed, but could be adapted to im...

A parabolic PDE with hysteresis in the source term is considered. The existence of periodic solutions for a general hysteresis operator is proven and an asymptotic result for solutions of this equation, using ideas due to Krejč́ı, is obtained.

We use Hoffmann's suggestion [Hoffmann, G. W. (1986) J. Theor. Biol. 122, 33-67] of hysteresis in a single neuron level and determine its consequences in a synchronous network made of such neurons. We show that the overall retrieval ability in the presence of noise and the memory capacity of the network in the present model are better than in conventional models without such hysteresis. Second-...