Abstract A chemical modification of cotton fabrics by 2-diethylaminoethyl chloride (DEAE-Cl) was achieved, and the resulted demonstrated salt-free dyeing properties with anionic dyes. Nucleophilic property hydroxyl groups in cellulose enhanced under alkaline conditions could react DEAE-Cl, a possessing both nucleophilic electrophilic sites. The monolayered DEAE-grafted further DEAE-Cl to form m...

The facile, simple, highly efficient, and fluorine-free fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces on fabrics with high durability has attracted considerable attention because its urgent practical application. simple dip-coating method was adopted to make a stable durable polydimethylsiloxane/stearic acid/silica (PDMS/STA/SiO2) fabric. fabric’s surface morphology, roughness, composition were anal...

Pigments that are currently available in the market usually come from synthetic sources, or, if natural, often need mordants to bind to the target substrate. Recent research on the fungal pigment extracts from Scytalidium cuboideum, Scytalidium ganodermophthorum, Chlorociboria aeruginosa, and Chlorociboria aeruginascens have been shown to successfully dye materials, like wood, bamboo, and texti...

This research deals with the synthesis of nanosized copper as colloidal solution and its application to cotton fabric. Copper nano colloids were prepared by chemical reduction of copper salt using sodium borohydride as reducing agent in presence of trisodium citrate. The size and size distribution of the particles were examined by particle size analyzer and the morphology of the synthesized par...

The process of bleach washing on denim fabrics produces a paler or lighter shabby effect. effect is produced by using an oxidizing agent. application sodium hypochlorite can cause decrease in color aging and high tensile strength. pH condition also affects the occurrence oxycellulose damage which will affect final result. Inappropriate very oxidation produce less Therefore, concentration NaOCl ...

Natural colorants play a vital role in the production of eco-leather by substituting environmentally hazardous and toxic synthetic dyestuffs. In this study, natural dye is extracted optimized from bark Ficus sycomorus, plant species locally known as shola, designing different combinations concentration, temperature, time parameters. A 120 g/l concentration at temperature 1000°C for 60 minutes s...

Fruit peels are a rich source of many substances, such as pectin. Extraction natural thickening agent (pectin) from fruit waste (orange and pomegranate peels) is an environmentally friendly alternative to commercial thickeners cheap for use in the printing synthetic fabrics, especially polyester polyacrylic fabrics. Hexamine was used treat extracted pectin make it appropriate alkali medium cott...

Background There are many critical steps for the clinical efficacy of antigen-specific T cell-based immunotherapies among which traffic to and access to tumor beds of effector T cells, are the most limiting [1]. Preclinical research most often uses ectopic mouse tumor models for the readout fastness and easiness provided by such models. However, those models may not be the optimal way to addres...

A variety of analytical techniques was employed to study the composition of the chlamydospore of Candida albicans. The outer, thin, electron-transparent layer was found to be composed of glucan, together with a small amount of chitin. The inner, thick, electron-dense layer is proteinaceous. The central structure is composed largely of ribonucleic acid and lipid globules. In addition to being ac...

The dye used on the silk textiles in an as yet undated relic shrine in a church in Antwerp was analysed by reflectance UV-Vis spectrometry. The natural dyestuff carthamin from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) was detected; because of its very poor light fastness this does not allow the shrine to be exhibited. Neither does it allow dating of the silk, since safflower has been used over a period ...