This book presents a thorough discussion of utility cycling, cycling in the urban environment, and everyday mobility. It is based on large survey answered by 14,000 participants bike to work action Switzerland, quantifies various dimensions cycling.

Editorial For some, bicycling is a potential ' solution' to physical inactivity. Active commuting and recreational cycling can theoretically meet a population's need for health-enhancing physical activity. 1 The seductive appeal of cycling relates to its low cost and potentially high population reach. Cycling can be accessed by all ages and social groups, and infrastructure support for cycling ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the sex and age-related differences in performance in a draft-legal ultra-cycling event. METHODS Age-related changes in performance across years were investigated in the 24-hour draft-legal cycling event held in Schötz, Switzerland, between 2000 and 2011 using multi-level regression analyses including age, repeated participation and environm...

The rise of resistance together with the shortage of new broad-spectrum antibiotics underlines the urgency of optimizing the use of available drugs to minimize disease burden. Theoretical studies suggest that coordinating empirical usage of antibiotics in a hospital ward can contain the spread of resistance. However, theoretical and clinical studies came to different conclusions regarding the u...

Reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) electrochromic devices based on reversible metal electrodeposition are exciting alternatives compared with conventional because they offer tunability in multiple optical states, long durability, and high contrast. Different from materials, of which the color change depends intercalation/deintercalation ions into films, states REMs is dissolution metal. In...

Antimicrobial cycling is the deliberate, scheduled removal and substitution of specific antimicrobials or classes of antimicrobials within an institutional environment (either hospital-wide or confined to specific units) to avoid or reverse the development of antimicrobial resistance. True antimicrobial cycling requires a return to the antimicrobial(s) that were first used. Testing of the hypot...