This study evaluates the impact of integrating two different collocation segmentations methods in a standard phrase-based statistical machine translation approach. The collocation segmentation techniques are implemented simultaneously in the source and target side. Each resulting collocation segmentation is used to extract translation units. Experiments are reported in the English-to-Spanish Bi...

Collocation and colligation are two closely related concepts associated with the distributional properties of linguistic items in actual language use. Specifically, collocation and colligation refer to the likelihood of co-occurrence of (two or more) lexical items and grammatical categories, respectively. Both terms have been attributed to J. R. Firth (1957: 194–195; 1968: 181–183; see Östman a...

‎in this paper‎, ‎an approach based on statistical spline model (ssm) and collocation method is proposed to solve volterra-fredholm integral equations‎. ‎the set of collocation nodes is chosen so that the points yield minimal error in the nodal polynomials‎. ‎under some standard assumptions‎, ‎we establish the convergence property of this approach‎. ‎numerical results on some problems are given...

Abstract Through inverse modeling and adjustment techniques, the geodesists try to derive mathematical models from their measurements get a better understanding of various processes in system Earth. Sophisticated deterministic stochastic are developed achieve best possible reflection reality remaining uncertainty. The main focus this article is on further development model representations, with...

: This study investigated the impact of audio-visual input enhancement teaching techniques on improving English as Foreign Language (EFL) learnersˈ collocation learning as well as their accuracy concerning collocation use in narrative writing. In addition, it compared the impact and efficiency of audio-visual input enhancement in two learning contexts, namely traditional and mo...

A state-defect constraint pairing graph coarsening method is described for improving computational efficiency during the numerical factorization of large sparse Karush–Kuhn–Tucker matrices that arise from the discretization of optimal control problems via an Legendre–Gauss–Radau orthogonal collocation method. The method takes advantage of the particular sparse structure of the Karush–Kuhn–Tucke...

An acoustic vector-sensor consists of three identical but orthogonally oriented acoustic particle-velocity sensors, plus a pressure sensor-all spatially collocated in a point-like geometry. At any point in space, this tri-axial acoustic vector-sensor can sample an acoustic wavefield as a 3 × 1 vector, instead of simply as a scalar of pressure. This vector, after proper self-normalization, would...

Recently there has been a growing interest in designing efficient methods for the solution of ordinary/partial differential equations with random inputs. To this end, stochastic Galerkin methods appear to be superior to other nonsampling methods and, in many cases, to several sampling methods. However, when the governing equations take complicated forms, numerical implementations of stochastic ...

We compare a kernel-based collocation method (meshfree approximation method) with a Galerkin finite element method for solving elliptic stochastic partial differential equations driven by Gaussian noise. The kernel-based collocation solution is a linear combination of reproducing kernels obtained from related differential and boundary operators centered at chosen collocation points. Its random ...