Cognitive Informatics is a cutting-edge and multidisciplinary research area that tackles the fundamental problems shared by modern informatics, computing, software engineering, AI, cybernetics, cognitive science, neuropsychology, medical science, systems science, philosophy, linguistics, economics, management science, and life sciences. This editorial introduces the emerging field of cognitive ...

Referring expressions are used to describe a person, object or event. Different referring expressions can be used to describe the same person or object. For example, to describe a specific person, one could use a full noun phrase (NP) such as the pirate, or a pronoun, such as he. However, in certain discourse contexts using a pronoun would lead to an incorrect interpretation for the listener. A...

Studies in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance of metaphors for language teaching. Metaphoric competence, as an important aspect of intelligence, can contribute to the learning of languages. Most textbooks in ESL/EFL avoid the issue of figurative language and concentrate only on the denotative aspects of language. This article reports a study conducted at the Islamic Azad Univ...

The ability to comprehend and produce phrasal verbs, as lexical chunks or groups of words which are commonly found together, is an important part of language learning. This study investigates the effect of ‘conceptual metaphor awareness’, as a newly developed technique in Cognitive Linguistics, on learning phrasal verbs by Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To meet this objective, two intact ho...

In the intellectual marketplace, different theories of language compete among themselves vying for their niche. One effective way of achieving such a goal is by offering some distinctive feature that makes them stand out from the rest. Such a ’difference’ can rest on several grounds: for example, a specific methodology specially suited to the study of a particular linguistic level (e.g. morphol...

This paper presents an experimental study on the interpretation of the complement anaphora the others in inter-sentential discourse. It aims to offer an answer to the following two empirical questions. First, how complement anaphora denote the “complement set”, a set of referents that includes those referents not denoted by the matching anaphoric antecedent. Second, what are the exact interpret...

The present study addresses the issue of the distinction between nouns and verbs in the lexicon and investigates if and to what extent the grammatical properties of nouns and verbs play a role in organizing the lexical knowledge. Evidence from linguistics, cognitive psychology and cognitive neuropsychology of language is reviewed in order to support the conclusions that, among many other dimens...

To see is to believe. A picture is often worth a thousand words in everyday communication settings. A graphical representation actually “talks” in such communication, integrated with some other representation systems like spoken language. Because of its power, however, a graphical representation can affect the way people grasp a target situation it describes. This paper presents an empirical in...

This article reviews several approaches to the study of anger in the Old Testament. It focuses on the use of methodology in these trends with specific reference to the common neglect of Classical Hebrew terminology and expressions relating to the emotion of anger. Such styles lead to an impoverished understanding of the ideal cognitive model of anger as reflected in Classical Hebrew. By contras...