Building systems that integrate different artificial intelligence techniques to achieve a higher level of total intelligence is very difficult. In order to build integrated systems, simplifying assumptions or abstractions are usually made when working in a specific domain. As a result of these assumptions and abstractions, the proper evaluation of integrated artificial intelligence techniques c...

Sleep is important for optimal cognitive functioning across the lifespan. Among older adults (≥55 years), self-reported short and long sleep durations have been repeatedly, albeit inconsistently, reported to elevate the risk for poor cognitive function. This meta-analytic review quantitatively summarizes the risk for poorer cognitive function among short and long sleepers in older adults. Eligi...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a trophic factor regulating cell survival and synaptic plasticity. Recent findings indicate that BDNF could be a potential regulatory factor for cognitive functioning in normal and/or neuropathological conditions. With regard to neurological disorders, recent data suggest that individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) may be affected by cognitive defi...

event occurrences in imagistic domains is relevant in several applications in knowledge engineering. In such applications, the order in which events have happened is imprinted in the domain as visual-spatial relations among its elements. Therefore, the interpretation of the relative ordering in which those events have occurred is essential for understanding the domain evolution. We propose a co...

This paper discusses the challenges of applying tools associated with Cognitive Work Analysis to a domain that is quite different from the process control domain in which Cognitive Work Analysis was developed. The context of the paper is the design of a decision support system to aid scheduling of tasks within a manufacturing domain typical of job shops. The constraints in the supervisory contr...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether infectious burden (IB) is associated with worse performance and decline on a battery of neuropsychological tests. DESIGN Prospective cohort study (Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS)). SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS A subsample of 588 stroke-free NOMAS participants with IB and cognitive data (mean age 71 ± 8, 62% female, 14% white, 16% black, 70% Hispanic) an...

BACKGROUND The relationships between renal function and specific domains of cognitive function have rarely been explored in representative, community-based samples of older adults. We assessed the association between renal and cognitive function based on an extensive battery of neurocognitive tests. METHODS In a sample of Einstein Aging Study participants (n = 649, age = 70+ years) we calcula...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Results of hospital-based studies indicate a high risk of cognitive impairment 3 months after stroke. There are no comprehensive data on this issue from prospective community-based studies comparing first-ever stroke patients with stroke-free subjects. METHODS We administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to 99 community-based nonaphasic survivors of first-...

This study evaluates a model for considering domain-general and domain-specific associations between teacher-child interactions and children's development, using a bifactor analytic strategy. Among a sample of 325 early childhood classrooms there was evidence for both general elements of teacher-child interaction (responsive teaching) and domain-specific elements related to positive management ...

The integration of the various specialized components of cognitive systems poses a challenge, in particular for those architectures that combine planning, inference, and human-computer interaction (HCI). An approach is presented that exploits a single source of common knowledge contained in an ontology. Based upon the knowledge contained in it, specialized domain models for the cognitive system...