This study tests a cognitive and an affective model based on extant explanations of the effects of humor along with a new affective–cognitive model. Results are derived from meta-analytic data and show how previous explanations may be integrated in order to explain how humor in advertising works. Humor reduces negative cognitions related to the ad because it serves as a distraction from counter...

Sexual gender norms promoting sexual prowess for men, but sexual modesty for women have been shown to negatively affect sexual and mental health in both men and women. Knowledge about the relationship between gender norms and sexual cognitions and emotions might further the understanding of continued gender-norm conformity. In the present study, we investigated whether and how gendered sexual a...

PURPOSE The objective of this study was to identify the maladaptive sleep-related cognitions most often maintained by the elderly, according to the presence or absence of anxiety and mood disorders. The presence of dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs and attitudes at bedtime in asymptomatic, depressive, and anxious seniors was thus compared. The second objective was to verify the relationships ...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated cultural differences in goals, self-defining memories, and self-cognitions in those with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD Trauma survivors with and without PTSD, from independent and interdependent cultures (N=106) provided major personal goals, self-defining memories, and self-cognitions. RESULTS Trauma survivors with PTSD from in...

OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether a small sample of patients with chronic pelvic pain experienced any pain-related cognitions in the form of mental images. PATIENTS Ten women with chronic pelvic pain consecutively referred from a tertiary referral center by the physicians in charge of their treatment. OUTCOME MEASURES An interview was used to determine the presence, emotional valence, content,...

BACKGROUND A wide variety of cognitive concepts have been shown to play an important role in chronic widespread pain (CWP). Although these concepts are generally considered to be distinct entities, some might in fact be highly overlapping. The objectives of this study were to (i) to establish inter-relationships between self-efficacy, cognitive coping styles, fear-avoidance cognitions and illne...

Although cognitive distortions have predicted posttraumatic distress after various types of traumatic events, the mechanisms through which cognitive distortions influence posttraumatic distress remain unclear. We hypothesized that coping self-efficacy, the belief in one's own ability to manage posttraumatic recovery demands, would operate as a mediator between negative cognitions (about self, a...

Research has suggested that different forms of negative cognitions contribute risk to the development of depressive symptoms. What remains unclear is whether there is specificity regarding the relation between childhood experiences and young adults’ current cognitions and whether these cognitions each contribute unique risk to depressive symptoms or whether they interact to predict increased de...

In view of the continuous theoretical and clinical expansion of cognitive therapy, the traditional, information processing-based description of cognitions into products, processes and schemata displays certain, mainly clinical, limitations. The authors try to refine and expand this "tripartite" conceptualization by employing a new, clinically relevant metaphor to describe cognitions and offer n...