Mutations in the p53 gene are frequent genetic alterations in human hepatocellular carcinomas. We have examined 13 cases of human hepatocellular carcinomas from Germany for the presence of p53 aberrations in exons 4 to 8 of the gene by single-strand conformation polymorphism and restriction fragment-length polymorphism analyses and by sequenc ing of polymerase chain reaction products. Single ba...

Background: Glaucomatous neuropathy is a type of cell death due to apoptosis. The p53 gene is one of the regulatory genes of apoptosis. Recently, the association between the p53 gene encoding for proline at codon 72 and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) has been studied in some ethnic groups. This study is the first association analysis of POAG and p53 codon 72 polymorphism in Iranian patients...

OBJECTIVES Mutations of all three RAS genes, N-, H-, and KRAS, are identified mainly in codons 12, 13, and 61 of exons 2 and 3 in human cancers. DESIGN AND METHODS DNA samples were isolated from 58 oral cancer and 106 colorectal cancer patients. Multiplex amplification of codons 12 and 13 of exon 2 and codon 61 of exon 3 of three RAS genes using two pairs of universal primers for exons 2 and ...

Lung and liver tumors were induced in female A/J mice after treatment for 7 weeks (3 times/week, i.p.) with either 4-{ALmethyl-A'-nitrosamino)l-(3-p\ridyl)-l-butanone (NNK) (50 mg/kg) or nitrosodimethylamine (NOMA) (3 mg/kg). Both compounds can be activated via a-hydroxylation to methylating agents, while NNK may also undergo hydroxylation at the /V-mcthyl carbon to form a pyridyloxobutylated a...

Transcripts encoding ATP synthase subunit 6 (ATP6) in petunia mitochondria were shown to be edited at 15 sites, leading to 14 amino acid changes. Certain sites are partially edited, including a site that introduces a new translation termination codon that is 13 codons upstream of the genomically encoded stop codon. Transcripts lacking the new stop codon are present in an ~ 2 5 1 ratio to transc...

background: little knowledge of synonymous codon usage pattern of pseudorabies virus (prv) genome, especially the ul31 gene in the process for its evolution is available. objectives: in the present study, the codon usage bias between prv ul31 sequence and the ul31-like sequences was identified. materials and methods: we used a comprehensive analysis on codon usage pattern in the prv ul31 gene a...

Acquired resistance to molecularly targeted therapies is a major Various detection techniques for RAS mutations are available, but obstacle blocking effective treatment of cancer patients. This is particularly true for therapies that target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) [1,2]. Acquired resistance to molecularly targeted therapies may occur de novo (meaning as a consequence of the ...

Transcripts encoding ATP synthase subunit 6 (ATP6) in petunia mitochondria were shown to be edited at 15 sites, leading to 14 amino acid changes. Certain sites are partially edited, including a site that introduces a new translation termination codon that is 13 codons upstream of the genomically encoded stop codon. Transcripts lacking the new stop codon are present in an ~ 2 5 1 ratio to transc...