Assay of HMG-CoA reductase kinase activity requires HMG-CoA reductase (reductase, E.C. 1.1.1.34) free of associated reductase kinase. Microsomal reductase insensitive to inactivation by Mg-nucleotides alone may be prepared by heating microsomes at 50 degrees C for 15 min. The reductase in these microsomes may subsequently be inactivated by Mg-nucleotides only after addition of reductase kinase....

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme and the first committed step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in mammals. We have determined the crystal structures of two nonproductive ternary complexes of HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA/NAD+ and mevalonate/NADH, at 2.8 A resolution. In the structure of the Pseudomonas mevalonii apoenzyme, the last 50 residues of the...

The rate of 3/Lhydroxysterol synthesis in hepatoma tissue culture (HTC) cells can be modified by the quality and quantity of serum lipoprotein in the culture medium. Cells maintained in medium which contained lipoprotein-poor serum have a steady state rate of 3/3-hydroxysterol synthesis which is 3to 4-fold greater than cells grown in medium containing unfractionated dialyzed serum. This increas...

Abstract The 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) pathway is one of the six known natural carbon fixation pathways, in which species used bicarbonate. It has been considered to be most suitable for aerobic CO 2 among pathways. Mesaconate a high value-added derivative 3-HP and can as co-monomer produce fire-retardant materials hydrogels. In this study, we use mesaconate reporting compound evaluate con...

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of multiple etiologies. It is associated with the accumulation of oxidized lipids in arterial lesions leading to coronary heart disease. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (commonly known as statins) are widely used in cardiovascular disease prevention to lower the cholesterol. The antioxidant activity of HMG-Co...

Sitosterolemia is a recessively inherited disorder characterized by abnormally increased plasma and tissue plant sterol concentrations. Patients have markedly reduced whole body cholesterol biosynthesis associated with suppressed hepatic, ileal, and mononuclear leukocyte 3-hydroxy3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the ratecontrolling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, cou...

Tocotrienols are natural farnesylated analogues of tocopherols which decrease hepatic cholesterol production and reduce plasma cholesterol levels in animals. For several cultured cell types, incubation with gamma-tocotrienol inhibited the rate of [14C]acetate but not [3H] mevalonate incorporation into cholesterol in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with 50% inhibition at approximatel...